Table 1.
Genetic mutations in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
| Mutation | location | Type of alteration | Association | Freguency | reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E-cadherin | iCCA | Activating mutations | DH | 12% | (73) |
| EGFR | iCCA | Activating mutations | OS | 0–15% | (74–76) |
| GNAS | iCCA | Activating mutations | OS | 7.4% | (29) |
| IDH1/2 | iCCA | Inactivating mutations | OS (after surgery) | 10–28% | (8, 9, 12) |
| K-ras | iCCA | Activating mutations | OS | 8–54% | (24–27) |
| BRAF | iCCA | Activating mutations | OS, LNM, ATS | 1–22% | (74, 75, 77) |
| p53 | iCCA | Inactivating mutations | OS, LNM, ATS | 21–37% | (10, 31, 78) |
DH, Differentiation histology; OS, Overall survival; LNM, Lymph node metastasis; ATS, Advanced tumor stage