Table 3.
Logistic regression and propensity score-based analyses to predict treatment response with tocilizumab versus TNFi.
| N | Remission | Low disease activity | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio | 95% CI | P value | Odds ratio | 95% CI | P value | ||
| DAS28 < 2.6 | DAS28 < 3.2 | ||||||
| Multivariate LR | 489 | 13.3 | 6.9–25.4 | <0.001 | 7.3 | 3.9–13.6 | <0.001 |
| Univariate LR + PS | 489 | 8.3 | 4.4–15.4 | <0.001 | 5.5 | 2.9–10.5 | <0.001 |
| Multivariate LR + PS | 489 | 11.0 | 5.6–21.6 | <0.001 | 6.2 | 3.2–12.0 | <0.001 |
| PS matching | 259 | 7.9 | 4.3–14.6 | <0.001 | 5.0 | 2.7–9.2 | <0.001 |
| PS matching + multivariate LR | 259 | 12.3 | 6.0–25.4 | <0.001 | 7.5 | 3.7–15.1 | <0.001 |
|
| |||||||
| CDAI ≤ 2.8 | CDAI ≤ 10 | ||||||
| Multivariate LR | 308 | 2.9 | 1.3–6.6 | 0.009 | 3.0 | 1.5–6.1 | 0.002 |
| Univariate LR + PS | 308 | 2.5 | 1.1–5.6 | 0.022 | 2.3 | 1.1–4.6 | 0.019 |
| Multivariate LR + PS | 308 | 2.8 | 1.2–6.5 | 0.016 | 2.6 | 1.3–5.5 | 0.010 |
| PS matching | 179 | 2.1 | 0.92–5.0 | 0.078 | 2.0 | 1.00–4.1 | 0.048 |
| PS matching + multivariate LR | 179 | 3.3 | 1.3–8.4 | 0.015 | 2.6 | 1.2–5.6 | 0.017 |
|
| |||||||
| SDAI ≤ 3.3 | SDAI ≤ 11 | ||||||
| Multivariate LR | 282 | 4.1 | 1.7–9.5 | 0.001 | 2.9 | 1.4–6.3 | 0.005 |
| Univariate LR + PS | 282 | 3.1 | 1.3–7.0 | 0.008 | 2.2 | 1.04–4.8 | 0.038 |
| Multivariate LR + PS | 282 | 3.6 | 1.5–8.7 | 0.005 | 2.5 | 1.1–5.5 | 0.024 |
| PS matching | 158 | 2.6 | 1.1–6.4 | 0.029 | 1.6 | 0.8–3.5 | 0.209 |
| PS matching + multivariate LR | 158 | 4.0 | 1.5–10.8 | 0.007 | 2.2 | 0.95–5.0 | 0.065 |
|
| |||||||
| Boolean | |||||||
| Multivariate LR | 442 | 2.1 | 0.91–4.8 | 0.083 | |||
| Univariate LR + PS | 442 | 1.8 | 0.76–4.0 | 0.184 | |||
| Multivariate LR + PS | 442 | 1.9 | 0.77–4.8 | 0.159 | |||
| PS matching | 216 | 1.2 | 0.54–2.9 | 0.629 | |||
| PS matching + multivariate LR | 216 | 1.4 | 0.54–3.9 | 0.463 | |||
|
| |||||||
| Good EULAR | Good/moderate EULAR | ||||||
| Multivariate LR | 489 | 6.8 | 3.8–12.3 | <0.001 | 2.5 | 1.1–5.9 | 0.035 |
| Univariate LR + PS | 489 | 6.3 | 3.4–11.8 | <0.001 | 1.8 | 0.8–4.1 | 0.143 |
| Multivariate LR + PS | 489 | 6.4 | 3.4–12.0 | <0.001 | 1.8 | 0.8–4.5 | 0.182 |
| PS matching | 259 | 6.2 | 3.3–11.6 | <0.001 | 2.2 | 0.93–5.2 | 0.074 |
| PS matching + multivariate LR | 259 | 7.8 | 4.0–15.4 | <0.001 | 2.4 | 0.98–6.1 | 0.056 |
The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the effect of tocilizumab versus TNF inhibitors (TNFi) in the considered outcomes are represented according to the statistical methodology used. Multivariate logistic regression (LR) adjusted for other significant confounders as described in Section 2, namely, age, disease duration, number of previous biologics, and baseline disease activity (DAS28 for DAS28/Boolean remission, DAS28 low disease activity (LDA), and EULAR response; CDAI for CDAI remission/LDA; SDAI for SDAI remission/LDA). Propensity scores (PS) predicting biologic class were calculated and incorporated in the analysis, via LR and/or matching (caliper 1 : 5 with replacement). P value significant at <0.05; significant differences highlighted in bold.