Table 1. Baseline characteristics and final diagnoses of 835 subjects.
| Characteristic | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Female | 446 (53.4) |
| Male | 389 (46.6) |
| Age | |
| < 25 years | 111 (13.3) |
| 25–34 years | 369 (44.2) |
| 35–44 years | 251 (30.1) |
| ≥ 45 years | 104 (12.5) |
| New HIV diagnosis | 256 (30.7) |
| Fever, chills, or night sweats | 736 (88.1) |
| Weight loss (subjective) | 797 (95.5) |
| Cough* | 835 (100.0) |
| Sputum production | 766 (91.7) |
| Dyspnea | 436 (52.2) |
| Wheezing | 201 (24.1) |
| Chest pain | 539 (64.6) |
| Smoked > 99 cigarettes in lifetime | 191 (22.9) |
| Ever consumed alcohol | 544 (65.2) |
| ART ≥ 30 days prior to enrollment | 114 (13.7) |
| PCP prophylaxis ≥ 30 days prior to enrollment | 369 (44.2) |
| Temperature <35.5°C or >38°C | 326 (39.0) |
| Heart rate >120 beats/minute | 232 (27.8) |
| Respiratory rate >30 breaths/minute | 378 (45.3) |
| Oxygen Saturation <90% | 137 (16.4) |
| Abnormal lung exam** | 521 (62.4) |
| CD4 cell count <50 cells/mm3 | 414 (49.6) |
| Diagnosis *** | |
| Pulmonary tuberculosis | 429 (51.3) |
| Pneumocystis pneumonia | 11 (1.3) |
| Pulmonary Kaposi’s sarcoma | 16 (1.9) |
| Presumed bacterial pneumonia | 80 (9.6) |
| Other | 27 (3.2) |
| Unknown | 277 (33.2) |
* Cough was a criterion for study inclusion.
** Rhonchi, crepitations, or bronchial breath sounds.
*** Four subjects had more than one diagnosis: two had pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) & Pneumocystis pneumonia, one had pulmonary TB & pulmonary Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), one had pulmonary KS & Pneumocystis pneumonia, and one had pulmonary KS and presumed bacterial pneumonia.
ART, antiretroviral therapy; PCP, Pneumocystis pneumonia.