Table 2.
Stratified Patient Characteristics of the Study Population
| RDW% at at critical care initiation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤13.3 | 13.3–14.0 | 14.0–14.7 | 14.7–15.8 | >15.8 | P-value | |
| N | 13,511 | 12,495 | 7,745 | 7,225 | 10,437 | |
| Age-mean(SD) | 53.7(19.7) | 62.4(18.1) | 65.9(16.6) | 66.7(16.1) | 64.7(15.9) | <0.001 |
| Gender-no.(%) | <0.001 | |||||
| Male | 8,541(63.2) | 7,529(60.3) | 4,377(56.5) | 3,940(54.5) | 5,543(53.1) | |
| Female | 4,970(36.8) | 4,966(39.7) | 3,368(43.5) | 3,285(45.5) | 4,894(46.9) | |
| Race-no.(%) | <0.001 | |||||
| White | 10,524(77.9) | 9,985(79.9) | 6,285(81.2) | 5,881(81.4) | 8,263(79.2) | |
| Non-White | 2,987(22.1) | 2,510(20.1) | 1,460(18.9) | 1,344(18.6) | 2,174(20.8) | |
| Patient type-no.(%) | <0.001 | |||||
| Medical | 7,002(51.8) | 6,134(49.1) | 3,616(46.7) | 3,396(47.0) | 5,824(55.8) | |
| Surgical | 6,509(48.2) | 6,361(50.9) | 4,129(53.3) | 3,829(53.0) | 4,613(44.2) | |
| Deyo-Charlson Index (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| 0 | 3,118(23.1) | 1,541(12.3) | 488(6.3) | 290(4.0) | 212(2.0) | |
| 1 | 3,290(24.4) | 2,256(18.1) | 1,000(12.9) | 710(9.8) | 650(6.2) | |
| 2 | 2,893(21.4) | 2,744(22.0) | 1,595(20.6) | 1,250(17.3) | 1,521(14.6) | |
| 3 | 1,962(14.5) | 2,264(18.1) | 1,523(19.7) | 1,462(20.2) | 1,968(18.9) | |
| 4 | 1,146(8.5) | 1,672(13.4) | 1,239(16.0) | 1,290(17.9) | 2,048(19.6) | |
| ≥5 | 1102(8.2) | 2,018(16.2) | 1900(24.5) | 2223(30.8) | 4038(38.7) | |
| Bloodstream Infections-no.(%) | <0.001 | |||||
| Absent | 431(14.0) | 460(15.0) | 454(14.8) | 629(20.5) | 1096(35.7) | |
| Present | 3347(21.6) | 2709(17.4) | 2286(14.7) | 2801(18.0) | 4383(28.2) | |
| Sepsis-no.(%) | 771(5.7) | 1,107(8.9) | 971(12.5) | 1,350(18.7) | 2,764(26.5) | <0.001 |
| Acute MI-no.(%) | 2,017(14.9) | 2,130(17.1) | 1,281(16.5) | 1,075(14.9) | 1,409(13.5) | <0.001 |
| CHF-no.(%) | 1,468(10.9) | 2,353(18.8) | 1,995(25.8) | 2,171(30.1) | 3,441(33.0) | <0.001 |
| CABG-no.(%) | 472(3.5) | 685(5.5) | 568(7.3) | 564(7.8) | 526(5.0) | <0.001 |
| Transfusions-no.(%) | <0.001 | |||||
| 0 units | 13555(89.3) | 8907(82.4) | 5660(73.3) | 5025(65.0) | 6248(63.0) | |
| 1 units | 428(2.8) | 370(3.4) | 331(4.3) | 408(5.3) | 604(6.1) | |
| 2 units | 454(3.0) | 458(4.2) | 377(4.9) | 457(5.9) | 768(7.7) | |
| 3 units | 186(1.2) | 221(2.1) | 213(2.8) | 293(3.8) | 401(4.0) | |
| ≥4 units | 565(3.7) | 855(7.9) | 1145(14.8) | 1585(20.4) | 1900(19.2) | |
| Creatinine-no.(%) | <0.001 | |||||
| ≤1 mg/dl | 8,778(65.0) | 6,984(55.9) | 3,820(49.3) | 3,214(44.5) | 4,048(38.8) | |
| 1.0–1.3 mg/dl | 3,143(23.3) | 3,045(24.4) | 1,717(22.2) | 1,393(19.3) | 1,661(15.9) | |
| 1.3–2.0 mg/dl | 1,184(8.8) | 1,687(13.5) | 1,390(18.0) | 1,430(19.8) | 1,955(18.7) | |
| >2 mg/dl | 406(3.0) | 779(6.2) | 818(10.6) | 1,188(16.4) | 2,773(26.6) | |
| Blood Urea Nitrogen-no.(%) | <0.001 | |||||
| ≤10 mg/dl | 2,340(17.3) | 1,638(13.1) | 942(12.2) | 803(11.1) | 1,069(10.2) | |
| 10–20 mg/dl | 7,955(58.9) | 6,376(51.0) | 3,319(42.9) | 2,548(35.3) | 2,960(28.4) | |
| 20–40 mg/dl | 2,767(20.5) | 3,557(28.5) | 2,495(32.2) | 2,532(35.0) | 3,402(32.6) | |
| >40 mg/dl | 449(3.3) | 924(7.4) | 989(12.8) | 1,342(18.6) | 3,006(28.8) | |
| White Blood Cells-no.(%) | <0.001 | |||||
| ≥4 | 165(1.2) | 212(1.7) | 251(3.2) | 272(3.8) | 784(7.5) | |
| 4–10 | 5,623(41.6) | 5,396(43.2) | 3,253(42.0) | 2,913(40.3) | 4,021(38.5) | |
| >10 | 7,723(57.2) | 6,887(55.1) | 4,241(54.8) | 4,040(55.9) | 5,632(54.0) | |
| Hematocrit-no.(%) | <0.001 | |||||
| ≤30% | 987(7.3) | 1,720(13.8) | 1,756(22.7) | 2,198(30.4) | 4,303(41.2) | |
| 30–33% | 927(6.9) | 1,351(10.8) | 1,170(15.1) | 1,333(18.5) | 2,095(20.1) | |
| 33–36% | 1,578(11.7) | 1,772(14.2) | 1,236(16.0) | 1,211(16.8) | 1,640(15.7) | |
| 36–39% | 2,691(19.9) | 2,275(18.2) | 1,265(16.3) | 1,001(13.9) | 1,147(11.0) | |
| 39–42% | 3,092(22.9) | 2,376(19.0) | 1,061(13.7) | 737(10.2) | 660(6.3) | |
| >42% | 4,236(31.4) | 3,001(24.0) | 1,257(16.2) | 745(10.3) | 592(5.7) | |
| No. of organs with failure-no.(%) | <0.001 | |||||
| 0 | 6,524(48.3) | 5,085(40.7) | 2,461(31.8) | 1,794(24.8) | 2,246(21.5) | |
| 1 | 4,334(32.1) | 4,186(33.5) | 2,721(35.1) | 2,484(34.4) | 3,165(30.3) | |
| 2 | 1,800(13.3) | 2,013(16.1) | 1,511(19.5) | 1,637(22.7) | 2,519(24.1) | |
| 3 | 605(4.5) | 821(6.6) | 679(8.8) | 845(11.7) | 1,460(14.0) | |
| ≥4 | 248(1.8) | 390(3.1) | 373(4.8) | 465(6.4) | 1,047(10.0) | |
Note: The means are shown in the table unless it is noted as %, then the percentage is shown. Transfusions variable indicates RBC transfusions for the 48 hours prior to or during ICU stay.