Fasting glucose measurements. Mice were fasted for 4 h in the morning, after which blood was drawn from ten animals per group (16 animals per group at day minus 20, before the first dose of metformin) for the measurement of blood glucose. Results are expressed as a mean (+/ standard error of the mean). (A) Uninfected mice: fasting glucose levels differed significantly amongst uninfected mice groups at days minus 20 (p<0.0001), day 0 (p=0.021), day 15 (p=0.0004) and day 30 (p=0.019). Pairwise comparisons were performed for day 15 and day 30 using the Bonferroni method of correction for multiple comparisons. For day 15, the following comparisons remained statistically significant: regular diet+metformin versus high-fat diet (p=0.0007), regular diet+metformin versus high-fat diet+metformin (p=0.0036) and between regular diet versus high-fat diet (p=0.0028). For day 30, high-fat diet versus regular diet+metformin remained statistically significant (p=0.0073). (B) Infected mice: fasting glucose levels differed amongst infected mice groups at day minus 20 (p=0.0021) and at day 0 (p=0.0003) but not on day 15 (p=0.0554) or on day 30 (p=0.75).