Table 2.
Summary of current drug vehicle encapsulation/conjugation methods for different cell-mediated drug delivery and their targeted applications.
| Pathway | Mechanism | Cell Type | Drug/ Particles | Target | Ref . |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unmodified Cells |
Endocytosis | Endocytosis | Monocyte, macrophage |
(IgG/ albumin coated) SPIO NPs, |
Lymphoid tissues | 49 |
| Monocyte, macrophage |
Au nanoshells | BBB and hypoxia |
53, 54 |
|||
| Macrophage | Liposomal doxorubicin |
Lung cancer | 50 | |||
| Macrophage | Catalyse- polyethyleneimi ne- poly(ethylene glycol) |
Parkinson’s disease |
52 | |||
| Macrophage | Indinavir NPs | HIV-1 | 115 | |||
|
|
||||||
| Anti- endocytosis |
Macrophage | Polyelectrolyte multilayer- based disks |
Macrophage associated diseases |
65 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Ligand- receptor binding |
Hyaluronic acid (HA)- CD44 |
B and T lymphocyte |
Polyelectrolyte multilayer |
ICAM-coated surface |
62- 64 |
|
| Macrophage | poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate- HA nanogel |
Liver and spleen macrophage- associated diseases |
66 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Antibody- CD73 and CD90 |
MSC | Doxorubicin- silica nanorattles- antibody |
Glioma tumor | 67 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Antibody- complement receptor type 1 |
RBC | Tissue-type plasminogen activator- antibody |
Thromboprophyla xis |
68 | ||
| Peptide (ERY1)- glycophorin A |
RBC | Antigen ovalbumin- ERY1 |
T cells | 70 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Covalent conjugation |
NHS-NH3 | RBC | Hyperbranched polyglycerols |
RES-related organs |
98 | |
|
|
||||||
| Maleimide- thiol |
T cell, MSC | Liposome- coated NPs |
Prostate cancer, lymphoma |
71, 99 |
||
|
| ||||||
| Physical Modificatio n |
Hypotonic haemolysis |
Membrane flexibility |
RBC | Peptide nucleic acids |
Macrophages | 88 |
|
| ||||||
| Electroporatio n |
Temporary dysfunction s of membrane semi- permeability |
RBC | Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase |
RES-related organs |
116 | |
|
| ||||||
| Chemical Modificatio n |
Biotinylation | Avidin- biotin bridges |
hMSC | NeutrAvidin- coated NPs |
Liver tumor | 103 |
| RBC | Thrombolytics agent |
Thrombosis |
104, 105 |
|||
|
| ||||||
| Click Chemistry |
Strain- promoted azide– alkyne cycloadditio n |
Macrophage | Polyamidoamin e dendrimers |
98 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Transduction | Genetic transfer via viral vectors |
T cell, MSC | Oncolytic virus | Myeloma ovarian, carcinoma |
76, 77 |
|
|
| ||||||
| Transfection | Genetic transfer via non-viral vectors |
MSC | TRAILs | Lung cancer metastases |
78 | |
| MSC | SPIO@AuNPs | Head and neck cancer |
79 | |||