(A), Intravenous administration of HUMSCs improved functional recovery after cerebral I/R injury. Animals were clinically evaluated 24 h and 14 d after surgery using the Rogers score. Sham-operated rats did not display a functional deficit 24 h and 14 d after surgery. Twenty-four h after surgery, the Rogers score did not differ for rats treated with HUMSCs and untreated rats with cerebral I/R injury (p = 0.307), but 14d after surgery rats treated with HUMSCs had better functional recovery than did untreated rats with cerebral I/R injury(p = 0.016). (B), Infarct size after cerebral I/R injury did not change after intravenous HUMSC administration. TTC staining was used to evaluate infarct lesions24 h and 14 d after the experimental procedure, This staining revealed that brains from sham-operated rats had no lesions. Both rats treated with HUMSCs and untreated rats with cerebral I/R injury had fewer lesions 14d than 24h after the prodedure, and the number of lesions in the two groups did not differ at either time(p = 0.801 and p = 0.626, respectively). (C), Intravenous administration of HUMSC increased cellular proliferation after cerebral I/R injury. Cellular proliferation was detected with BrdU immunohistochemical staining of rat brain sections. Brain sections from sham-operated rats had only a few BrdU-positive cells. Fourteen d after surgery, brain sections from rats treated with HUMSCs had a greater number of BrdU-positive cells in both the subventricular zone (SVZ; p < 0.001) and striatum (p = 0.001) than did untreated rats with cerebral I/R injury.