Table 3. Relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and dementia risk in Cox proportional hazard regression model in men.
| Alzheimer’s Disease | Vascular Dementia | Other Dementia | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude HR for AD (95% CI) | Adjusted HR for AD (95% CI) * | Crude HR for VaD (95% CI) | Adjusted HR for VaD (95% CI) * | Crude HR for Other Dementia (95% CI) | Adjusted HR for Other Dementia (95% CI) * | |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never smoking | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Past smoking | 1.21(0.87-2.28) | 1.20(0.89-2.31) | 1.27(0.92-2.18) | 1.25(0.93-2.21) | 1.14(0.72-1.93) | 1.15(0.76-1.96) |
| Current smoking | 2.15(1.21-4.06) | 2.14(1.20-4.46) | 3.25(1.29-4.27) | 3.28(1.14-4.52) | 1.21(0.79-1.36) | 1.18(0.72-1.39) |
| Drinking status | ||||||
| Occasional drinking | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Monthly drinking | 1.06(0.76-1.32) | 1.03(0.83-1.35) | 1.12(0.67-1.29) | 1.18(0.86-1.24) | 1.13(0.58-1.36) | 1.01(0.69-1.28) |
| Weekly drinking | 1.28(0.75-1.31) | 1.31(0.69-1.43) | 1.37(0.87-1.29) | 1.35(0.82-1.25) | 1.07(0.70-1.29) | 1.09(0.76-1.34) |
| Daily drinking | 2.29(1.45-3.92) | 2.25(1.43-3.97) | 3.34(1.29-4.28) | 3.42(1.18-4.51) | 1.08(0.81-1.36) | 1.06(0.82-1.39) |
| Co-smoking and drinking status | ||||||
| Non-smoking and drinking | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Only smoking | 1.01(0.82-1.12) | 1.01(0.86-1.13) | 1.02(0.76-1.06) | 1.06(0.77-1.08) | 1.01(0.71-1.02) | 1.01(0.74-1.03) |
| Only drinking | 1.03(0.96-1.14) | 1.03(0.97-1.14) | 1.03(0.82-1.07) | 1.05(0.85-1.09) | 1.01(0.72-1.03) | 1.01(0.74-1.04) |
| Co-smoking and drinking | 3.02(1.61-4.16) | 3.03(1.65-4.19) | 3.94(1.63-4.68) | 3.96(1.64-4.71) | 1.12(1.13-1.27) | 1.12(1.14-1.28) |
Co-smoking and drinking: co-existence of smoking and drinking
HR: hazard ratio, CI: confidence interval
* adjusted for age, BMI, education, ApoE, vascular risk factors