. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 12.

Published in final edited form as: Kidney Int. 2011 Dec 7;81(5):434–441. doi: 10.1038/ki.2011.399

Table 1.

Immunoglobulin-positive MPGN

Antigenic Stimulus	Associated Systemic Disease
Infectious	Viral: Hepatitis B and C; HIV Bacterial: endocarditis; shunt nephritis; abscesses Protozoal: malaria; schistosomiasis Others: mycoplasma; mycobacterial
Autoimmune diseases	Systemic lupus erythematosus Scleroderma Sjögren’s syndrome Mixed cryoglobulinemia
Monoclonal immunoglobulins and paraproteinemias	MGUS Leukemias Lymphomas Myeloma
Miscellaneous	Liver disease - hepatitis; cirrhosis Carcinoma Sarcoidosis Drugs “Idiopathic”