Table 3. Results of univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression per block.
| Factors | Cases | Controls | Univariate* | Multivariate | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 52 | n = 100 | OR | (95% CI) | p-value | OR | (95% CI) | p-value | ||
| Block 1: Demographic factors | |||||||||
| Age (years) | 35.0 ± 9.5 | 33.3 ± 10.4 | 1.02 | (0.99–1.05) | 0.269 | ||||
| Sex | Male | 29 (56%) | 48 (48%) | ||||||
| Female | 23 (44%) | 52 (52%) | 0.69 | (0.35–1.37) | 0.294 | ||||
| Religion | Muslim | 40 (77%) | 88 (88%) | ||||||
| Hindu | 12 (23%) | 12 (12%) | 2.21 | (0.90–5.38) | 0.082 | 2.23 | (0.92–5.46) | 0.079 | |
| Household size | 4.6 ± 1.4 | 5.2 ± 2.1 | 0.83 | (0.67–1.02) | 0.075 | 0.82 | (0.66–1.02 | 0.073 | |
| Block 2: Socioeconomic factors | |||||||||
| Income per capita (log) | 2.96 ± 0.27 | 3.12 ± 0.30 | 0.10 | (0.03–0.44) | 0.002 | ||||
| Food expenditure per capita (log) | 2.98 ± 0.17 | 3.08 ± 0.18 | 0.02 | (0.00–0.22) | 0.001 | 0.03 | (0.00–0.36) | 0.006 | |
| Self-classification | 0.005 | ||||||||
| Very poor | 17 (33%) | 14 (14%) | 1.00 | ||||||
| Poor | 21 (40%) | 29 (29%) | 0.61 | (0.24–1.50) | |||||
| Low/middle | 11 (21%) | 35 (35%) | 0.26 | (0.10–0.69) | |||||
| Middle | 3 (6%) | 22 (22%) | 0.11 | (0.03–0.47) | |||||
| Rich | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | -- | ||||||
| Occupation | 0.025 | 0.058 | |||||||
| Laborer | 26 (50%) | 28 (28%) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||
| Shopkeeper | 10 (19%) | 13 (13%) | 0.84 | (0.31–2.27) | 1.28 | (0.44–3.80) | |||
| Other | 8 (15%) | 25 (25%) | 0.32 | (0.12–0.86) | 0.44 | (0.16–1.22) | |||
| Farmer | 5 (10%) | 19 (19%) | 0.28 | (0.09–0.86) | 0.24 | (0.07–0.83) | |||
| Business | 3 (6%) | 15 (15%) | 0.19 | (0.05–0.76) | 0.31 | (0.07–1.34) | |||
| Land | 0.042 | ||||||||
| Landless | 41 (79%) | 58 (58%) | 1.00 | ||||||
| Land leaser | 3 (6%) | 8 (8%) | 0.49 | (0.12–1.99) | |||||
| Landowner | 8 (15%) | 34 (34%) | 0.34 | (0.14–0.81) | |||||
| Block 3: Health factors | |||||||||
| Disease other than leprosy | No | 24 (46%) | 49 (49%) | ||||||
| Yes | 28 (54%) | 51 (51%) | 1.12 | (0.57–2.22) | 0.742 | ||||
| BCG 1 vaccination | No | 26 (50%) | 46 (46%) | ||||||
| Yes | 26 (50%) | 54 (54%) | 0.89 | (0.45–1.76) | 0.743 | ||||
| BMI 2 (kg/m2) | 20.3 ± 3.1 | 21.6 ± 3.0 | 0.87 | (0.77–0.98) | 0.020 | 0.87 | (0.77–0.98) | 0.020 | |
| Block 4: Diet-related factors | |||||||||
| HFIAS 3 (score 0–27) | 10.2 ± 7.4 | 6.4 ± 7.0 | 1.08 | (1.03–1.13) | 0.003 | ||||
| DDS 4 (score 0–9) | 3.2 ± 1.1 | 3.8 ± 1.4 | 0.67 | (0.50–0.89) | 0.007 | 0.71 | (0.52–0.96) | 0.024 | |
| Recent food shortage | No | 10 (19%) | 36 (36%) | ||||||
| Yes | 42 (81%) | 64 (64%) | 2.42 | (1.07–5.47) | 0.034 | ||||
| Ever food shortage | No | 2 (4%) | 16 (16%) | ||||||
| Yes | 50 (96%) | 84 (84%) | 4.30 | (0.93–19.77) | 0.061 | ||||
| Household food stocks | No | 25 (48%) | 26 (26%) | ||||||
| Yes | 27 (52%) | 74 (74%) | 0.38 | (0.19–0.78) | 0.008 | 0.45 | (0.22–0.95) | 0.036 | |
* Adjusted for age and sex;
1 Bacillus Calmette-Guérin;
2 Body Mass Index;
3 Household Food Insecurity Access Scale;
4 Dietary Diversity Score