Table 1.
Participant characteristics (N = 2850)
| Maternal characteristics | |
| Age at enrolment (year) | 31.5 ± 4.5 |
| Body mass index at enrolment (kg/m2) | 23.5 (18.8–35.7) |
| Educational level (%) | |
| Primary | 4.5 |
| Secondary | 35.2 |
| Higher | 57.2 |
| Missing | 3.1 |
| Infant characteristics | |
| Male (%) | 49.2 |
| Gestational age at birth (week) | 40.1 (36.0–42.3) |
| Birth weight (g) | 3474 ± 550 |
| Ethnicity (%) | |
| European | 82.6 |
| African | 11.0 |
| Asian | 5.0 |
| Missing | 1.4 |
| Age of food assessment (month) | 12.9 (12.2–19.0) |
| Total energy intake (kcal/day) | 1312 ± 391 |
| Dietary patterns, adherence score | |
| Potatoes, rice, and vegetables | −0.02 ± 0.96 |
| Refined grains and confectionery | −0.04 ± 0.96 |
| Dairy and whole grains | 0.00 ± 0.99 |
| Child characteristics (6-year visit) | |
| Age (year) | 6.0 ± 0.2 |
| Height (cm) | 118.2 ± 5.1 |
| Weight (kg) | 22.2 ± 3.4 |
| TV watching (%) | |
| ≤ 2 h/day | 74.3 |
| > 2 h/day | 12.8 |
| Missing | 12.8 |
| Participation in sports (%) | |
| No | 51.2 |
| Yes | 41.6 |
| Missing | 7.2 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 16.0 ± 1.6 |
| Bone mineral density (mg/cm2) | 540 ± 45 |
| Bone mineral content (g) | 505 ± 85 |
| Bone area (cm2) | 930 ± 100 |
Values represent means ± SD or medians (95 % range) for continuous variables, or percentages for categorical variables