Table 2.
Variables Used to Define Clusters
| Variable | Total N = 382 |
Cluster 1 N = 49 (13%) |
Cluster 2 N = 75 (19%) |
Cluster 3 N = 166 (43%) |
Cluster 4 N = 61 (16%) |
Cluster 5 N = 31 (8%) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DEMOGRAPHICS | |||||||
| Gender | |||||||
| Female | 189 (49.5%) | 18 (36.7%) | 31 (41.3%) | 93 (56.0%) | 26 (42.6%) | 21 (67.7%) | 0.010 |
| Male | 193 (50.5%) | 31 (63.3%) | 44 (58.7%) | 73 (44.0%) | 35 (57.4%) | 10 (32.3%) | |
| Race | |||||||
| African American | 23 (6.0%) | 3 (6.1%) | 4 (5.3%) | 9 (5.4%) | 5 (8.2%) | 2 (6.5%) | 0.045 |
| White | 317 (83.0%) | 42 (85.7%) | 66 (88.0%) | 138 (83.1%) | 42 (68.9%) | 29 (93.5%) | |
| Other | 42 (11.0%) | 4 (8.2%) | 5 (6.7%) | 19 (11.4%) | 14 (23.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Age (years) | 49.9 (14.7) | 65.71 (7.8) | 63.3 (7.9) | 42.6 (11.9) | 39.3 (9.4) | 53.0 (12.7) | <0.001 |
| COMORBIDITIES/EXPOSURES | |||||||
| Diabetes | 20 (5.2%) | 7 (14.3%) | 4 (5.3%) | 4 (2.4%) | 1 (1.6%) | 4 (12.9%) | 0.003 |
| AFRS | 10 (2.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (4.2%) | 3 (4.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.131 |
| Allergy History | 50 (13.1%) | 10 (20.4%) | 13 (17.3%) | 15 (9.0%) | 7 (11.5%) | 5 (16.1%) | 0.179 |
| Prior Sinus Surgery | 153 (40.0%) | 18 (36.7%) | 31 (41.3%) | 71 (42.8%) | 20 (32.8%) | 13 (41.9%) | 0.704 |
| Asthma | 131 (34.3%) | 12 (24.5%) | 24 (32.0%) | 69 (41.6%) | 16 (26.2%) | 10 (32.3%) | 0.092 |
| Polyps | 130 (34.0%) | 18 (36.7%) | 27 (36.0%) | 60 (36.1%) | 19 (31.1%) | 6 (19.4%) | 0.431 |
| ASA Intolerance | 31 (8.1%) | 4 (8.2%) | 5 (6.7%) | 17 (10.2%) | 4 (6.6%) | 1 (3.2%) | 0.661 |
| OSA | 49 (12.8%) | 7 (14.3%) | 10 (13.3%) | 23 (13.9%) | 5 (8.2%) | 4 (12.9%) | 0.838 |
| COPD | 12 (3.1%) | 2 (4.1%) | 3 (4.0%) | 5 (3.0%) | 1 (1.6%) | 1 (3.2%) | 0.940 |
| Depression | 64 (16.8%) | 1 (2.0%) | 10 (13.3%) | 31 (18.7%) | 7 (11.5%) | 15 (48.4%) | <0.001 |
| Fibromyalgia | 17 (4.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (5.3%) | 8 (4.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (16.1%) | 0.004 |
| Oral Steroid Dependence | 21 (5.5%) | 3 (6.1%) | 5 (6.7%) | 9 (5.4%) | 3 (4.9%) | 1 (3.2%) | 0.965 |
| Alcohol (grams/week) | 28.4 (51.6) | 44.72 (63.4) | 39.1 (67.3) | 24.5 (45.8) | 18.4 (26.4) | 16.3 (46.8) | 0.011 |
| Smoker (pack/day) | 0.02 (0.14) | 0 (0) | 0.01 (0.04) | 0.04 (0.2) | 0.01 (0.06) | 0.03 (0.12) | 0.366 |
| OBJECTIVE CRS SEVERITY MEASURES | |||||||
| Endoscopy Total | 5.9 (3.8) | 5.9 (3.9) | 5.9 (4.0) | 6.4 (3.9) | 4.4 (3.3) | 6.3 (3.4) | 0.014 |
| CT Total | 11.6 (6.2) | 11.51 (6.4) | 13.1 (6.1) | 11.7 (6.1) | 9.0 (6.0) | 12.7 (5.7) | 0.002 |
| B-SIT Total | 9.0 (3.1) | 9.02 (3.1) | 8.6 (3.4) | 9.0 (3.2) | 10.0 (2.7) | 8.9 (2.7) | 0.186 |
| PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES | |||||||
| SNOT-22 Total | 51.1 (20.4) | 22.57 (9.9) | 47.7 (8.1) | 64.1 (13.7) | 31.0 (9.0) | 74.0 (11.4) | <0.001 |
| SNOT factor 1 (fatigue) | 21.5 (11.7) | 6.7 (6.0) | 20.0 (7.3) | 28.3 (7.9) | 10.2 (7.9) | 34.1 (5.8) | <0.001 |
| SNOT factor 2 (drainage/emotional) | 21.1 (7.6) | 13.8 (8.0) | 20.8 (5.9) | 24.4 (6.2) | 15.9 (6.3) | 26.7 (6.0) | <0.001 |
| SNOT factor 3 (ear/smell/congestion) | 8.5 (5.5) | 2.2 (2.0) | 6.9 (4.1) | 11.5 (4.8) | 4.9 (2.6) | 13.3 (4.9) | <0.001 |
| RSDI Total | 44.6 (24.1) | 17.3 (12.5) | 37.9 (17.4) | 55. 8 (18.7) | 27.9 (15.8) | 77.3 (17.1) | <0.001 |
| RSDI factor 1 (emotion) | 12.3 (8.8) | 4.6 (5.2) | 10.0 (7.0) | 15.5 (8.1) | 7.2 (6.4) | 22.6 (7.8) | <0.001 |
| RSDI factor 2 (physical) | 15.6 (9.4) | 5.6 (5.5) | 13.1 (7.3) | 19.3 (7.5) | 9.9 (6.6) | 28.4 (7.1) | <0.001 |
| RSDI factor 3 (phys/pain/exertion) | 9.1 (5.7) | 3.2 (3.3) | 7.4 (4.5) | 11.5 (4.7) | 6.1 (4.4) | 15.8 (4.8) | <0.001 |
| RSDI factor 4 (phys/drain/olfaction) | 7.7 (3.9) | 3.9 (3.1) | 7.4 (3.0) | 9.5 (3.2) | 4. 7 (3.0) | 10.5 (3.3) | <0.001 |
| PSQI Total | 9.1 (4.6) | 4.98 (2.7) | 8.6 (3.7) | 10.7 (4.3) | 6.1 (3.1) | 13.7 (4.5) | <0.001 |
| PHQ Total | 1.5 (1.6) | 0.5 (1.2) | 1.3 (1.4) | 1.9 (1.6) | 1.0 (1.3) | 3.2 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| SF 12 total | 31.5 (2.7) | 31.2 (2.3) | 31.1 (2.2) | 31.8 (3.0) | 32.0 (2.5) | 30.7 (2.7) | 0.039 |
| SF 12 factor 1 | 16.6 (2.0) | 15.0 (1.8) | 16.2 (1.7) | 17.2 (2.1) | 16.6 (2.0) | 17.4 (1.4) | <0.001 |
| SF 12 factor 2 | 14.9 (2.1) | 16.2 (1.6) | 14.9 (2.0) | 14.6 (2.1) | 15.4 (1.8) | 13.2 (2.4) | <0.001 |
| Productivity loss | 8.6 (18.1) | 1.14 (3.6) | 3.1 (5.5) | 6.0 (8.3) | 2.3 (4.2) | 60.7 (24.0) | <0.001 |
Variables used to define clusters are presented as either count data and percentages or means and standard deviations. AFRS=allergic fungal rhinosinusitis; CT=computed tomography; B-SIT=Brief Smell Identification Test; SNOT-22=Sinonasal Outcomes Test 22; RSDI=Rhinosinusitis Disability Index; PSQI=Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PHQ= Patient Health Questionnaire-2; SF12=Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12; productivity loss=missed days of work out of last 90 days.