Table 5.

Summary of Findings

Outcome Variable	Patterns of Differences
Self-Esteem	SII > ISI, ISS; SSS < all other classes
Depressive Symptoms	SSS > all other classes; ISS > III, SII, SSI, IIS; IIS < III, ISI, SII
Optimism	SII > ISS, SSS
Prosocial Behavior	SII, III, IIS > SSI, ISI, ISS, SSS
Parent-Adolescent Communication	III, SSI > ISS, SII, SSS; ISS > SSS
Positive Parenting	III > IIS, ISI, ISS, SSI, SSS; SSS < ISS, ISI, IIS, SII, III
Parental Involvement	III, IIS, SII, SSI > ISI, ISS, SSS; ISS > SSS
Overall Family Cohesion	III, IIS > ISI, ISS, SSI, SSS; SII, SSI > SSS
Overall Family Communication	III > ISI, ISS, SSI, SSS; SSS < all other classes