Table 3. Summary of the methods and main findings in R-fMRI studies investigating dysconnectivity in schizophrenia by graph theory-based method.

AAL: automated anatomical labeling.

Study	Sample	Nodal definition	Nodal number	Edge definition	Main findings
Liu et al. [72]	31 patients with SZ 31 healthy controls	AAL	90	Partial correlation	Lower degree, lower connectivity strength, decreased clustering coefficient and longer characteristic path length in patients with SZ.
Lynall et al. [73]	12 patients with chronic SZ 15 healthy controls	AAL	72	Wavelet correlation	Decreased connectivity strength, reduced clustering and small-worldness.
Alexander-Bloch et al. [74]	13 patients with childhood-onset SZ 19 healthy controls	Harvard-Oxford Probabilistic Atlas [90]	100	Wavelet correlation	Reduced connectivity strength, decreased clustering and local efficiency, but increased global efficiency and robustness in patients with childhood-onset SZ.
Yu et al. [75]	19 patients with SZ 19 healthy controls	Brain components	57	Partial correlation	Higher clustering coefficient, higher local efficiency, higher characteristic path length, and lower global efficiency.
Yu et al. [84]	24 patients with SZ 24 healthy controls	Brain components	57	Pearson correlation	More and smaller modules with different hubs in SZ.
Bassett et al. [76]	29 patients with chronic SZ 29 healthy controls	AAL	90	Pearson correlation	Univariate measures are less sensitive to disease state than higher level bivariate and multivariate measures.
Alexander-Bloch et al. [85]	23 patients with childhood-onset SZ 23 healthy controls	Gray matter of Harvard-Oxford Probabilistic Atlas	278	Wavelet correlation	Altered modular community structure in patients with childhood-onset SZ. The difference in the modular partition is most striking for a module that consistently includes brain regions around the right anterior insula in healthy controls. In contrast, these regions are distributed over a number of other modules in patient group.