Table 2.

Prevalence Odds ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals of functional outcomes and ADL/IADLs impairments in relation to BMI categories by gender, NHANES 2005–2010

	Functional limitation	ADL/IADLs impairment
	PR (95% CI)	PR (95% CI)
Total sample
Model 1*
Normal	Reference	Reference
Overweight	1.27 (1.10–1.47)	0.96 (0.80–1.16)
Obese	2.44 (2.05–2.89)	1.46 (1.19–1.80)
Model 2╪
Normal	Reference	Reference
Overweight	1.34 (1.13–1.59)	0.87 (0.70–1.08)
Obese	2.40 (1.97–2.92)	1.13 (0.91–1.39)
Female
Model 1*
Normal	Reference	Reference
Overweight	1.58 (1.26–1.98)	1.08 (0.81–1.44)
Obese	3.30 (2.57–4.24)	1.80 (1.36–2.40)
Model 2╪
Normal	Reference	Reference
Overweight	1.57 (1.22–2.01)	1.00 (0.75–1.34)
Obese	3.08 (2.21–4.30)	1.40 (1.04–1.90)
Male
Model 1*
Normal	Reference	Reference
Overweight	1.08 (0.82–1.40)	0.82 (0.58–1.15)
Obese	1.78 (1.37–2.31)	1.07 (0.79–1.46)
Model 2╪
Normal	Reference	Reference
Overweight	1.03 (0.77–1.36)	0.70 (0.49–1.01)
Obese	1.59 (1.14–2.21)	0.81 (0.58–1.13)

^*Model 1 is unadjusted

^╪Model 2 is adjusted for education, age, comorbidity and physical activity