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. 2015 May 13;10(5):e0126622. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126622

Fig 4. Inflammatory and anti-apoptotic molecule expression as determined by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Fig 4

The inflammatory cytokine IL1β and/or IL6 were markedly downregulated in Valproic acid (VPA) treated animals compared to Vehicle treated controls at 3 hours (h) and 24 h post ischemia-reperfusion (IR). The anti-apoptotic molecule BCL2 was upregulated at 3 and 24 h post-IR in VPA treated group. The RT-PCR was performed in triplicates using RNA derived from kidney samples (n≥ 4 animals from each group). Gene transcripts were normalized to β-Actin (Target gene: β-Actin). The gene expressions are presented as fold increase or decrease in VPA and Dex treated groups compared to Vehicle control group. If the ratio of gene expression (i.e., ratio of VPA or Dex treated to vehicle control group) is >1.1 or <0.9, then it is designated as “upregulation” or “downregulation”, respectively. The mean values of gene expression between control and VPA or Dex groups were compared using student ‘t’ test and ‘*’ notation over or under the bar represents statistical significance (P<0.05).