Table 3.
Comparison of patient characteristics by consent status
| Declined recording (n=185) |
Consented to recording (n=408) |
Pvaluea | All patients (n=867) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean, SD) | 50.1 | 11.8 | 52.1 | 12.0 | 0.06 | 51.8 | 11.8 |
| Female sex (no, %) | 113 | 61.1% | 213 | 52.2% | 0.045 | 486 | 56.1% |
| Race (no, %) | |||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 85 | 46.0% | 251 | 61.5% | 0.002 | 486 | 56.1% |
| Non-Hispanic black | 41 | 22.2% | 62 | 15.2% | 155 | 17.9% | |
| Hispanic | 33 | 17.8% | 47 | 11.5% | 123 | 14.2% | |
| Asian / Pacific islander | 21 | 11.4% | 28 | 6.9% | 71 | 8.2% | |
| Other / mixed race | 5 | 2.7% | 20 | 4.9% | 32 | 3.7% | |
| Highest education (no, %) | |||||||
| No high school degree | 8 | 4.4% | 10 | 2.5% | 0.41 | 25 | 2.9% |
| High school graduate | 19 | 10.4% | 57 | 14.1% | 129 | 15.0% | |
| Some college | 70 | 38.3% | 154 | 38.1% | 316 | 36.7% | |
| College graduate | 86 | 47.0% | 183 | 45.3% | 391 | 45.4% | |
| Household income (no, %) | |||||||
| < $35,000 / year | 77 | 41.6% | 149 | 36.5% | 0.49 | 317 | 36.6% |
| $35,000 – 75,000 /year | 48 | 26.0% | 113 | 27.7% | 244 | 28.1% | |
| ≥ $75,000 / year | 60 | 32.4% | 146 | 35.8% | 306 | 35.3% | |
| Employment status (no, %) | |||||||
| Works for wages | 75 | 41.0% | 176 | 43.6% | 0.42 | 372 | 42.9% |
| Self employed | 12 | 6.6% | 24 | 5.9% | 57 | 6.6% | |
| Out of work | 25 | 13.7% | 40 | 9.9% | 88 | 10.2% | |
| Homemaker | 8 | 4.4% | 8 | 2.0% | 25 | 2.9% | |
| Student | 2 | 1.1% | 2 | 0.5% | 8 | 0.9% | |
| Retired | 31 | 16.9% | 82 | 20.3% | 171 | 19.7% | |
| Unable to work | 30 | 16.4% | 72 | 17.8% | 140 | 16.2% | |
| Clinic type (no, %) | |||||||
| Community primary care | 73 | 39.5% | 177 | 43.4% | 0.34 | 449 | 51.8% |
| Academic primary care | 63 | 34.1% | 133 | 32.6% | 214 | 24.7% | |
| Veterans Affairs | 25 | 13.5% | 63 | 15.4% | 130 | 15.0% | |
| Urgent care | 24 | 13.0% | 35 | 8.6% | 74 | 8.5% | |
| Geographic area (no, %) | |||||||
| San Francisco | 84 | 45.4% | 120 | 29.4% | <0.001 | 237 | 27.3% |
| Sacramento | 101 | 54.6% | 288 | 70.6% | 630 | 72.7% | |
| Sex concordant visit (no, %) | 123 | 66.5% | 262 | 64.2% | 0.59 | 564 | 65.1% |
| Race concordant visitb(no, %) | 58 | 32.4% | 154 | 39.2% | 0.12 | 291 | 33.6% |
| PHQ-9 scorec(mean, SD) | 7.9 | 5.9 | 7.4 | 5.7 | 0.31 | 7.4 | 5.7 |
| SF-12 PCSd(mean, SD) | 42.0 | 13.8 | 40.9 | 13.5 | 0.37 | 41.5 | 13.5 |
| SF-12 MCSd(mean, SD) | 44.2 | 12.7 | 47.0 | 11.9 | 0.01 | 46.3 | 12.1 |
|
Self-efficacy for communicating about mental health (mean, SD)e |
21.4 | 6.3 | 22.2 | 5.6 | 0.13 | 21.8 | 5.8 |
| Arthritisf(no, %) | 58 | 31.4% | 171 | 41.9% | 0.02 | 339 | 39.1% |
| Hypertensionf(no, %) | 62 | 33.5% | 176 | 43.1% | 0.03 | 359 | 41.4% |
| Diabetesf(no, %) | 23 | 12.4% | 86 | 21.1% | 0.01 | 152 | 17.5% |
P-values refer to comparisons between the 185 patients who declined and the 408 patients who consented to recording. Groups were compared using the two-sample t-test for continuous variables, logistic regression for binary variables, and Pearson’s chi-squared test for categorical variables. Not all categorical variables add up to column totals due to missing data.
Race concordant visits were defined as visits in which both patient and clinician listed the same race from among the 5 categories in this table.
PHQ-9 indicates the Personal Health Questionnaire-9; scores range from 0 to 30 with higher scores indicating more severe depressive symptoms.
SF-12 PCS and SF-12 MCS indicate the physical health component summary score and the mental health component summary score of the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey. Both scores range from 0 to 100; higher values indicate better health.
Range 0–30; higher values indicate greater self-efficacy.
Measured as present or absent by baseline patient report