Table 2.
Multivariable logistic regression models predicting health-care outcomes among children 0–17-years-old who participated in the 2006–2011 National Health Interview Survey.
| Usual source of care
|
Delayed care
|
Emergency department visit
|
Doctor visit
|
Preventive visit
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | p | OR | p | OR | p | OR | p | OR | p | |
| Latinos | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| Whites | 1.24 | .01 | .77 | <.001 | 1.10 | .03 | 1.20 | <.001 | .84 | <.001 |
| Blacks | 1.15 | .11 | .71 | <.001 | 1.15 | .01 | .96 | .51 | 1.23 | <.001 |
| Age | ||||||||||
| 0–5 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| 6–10 | .78 | <.001 | .85 | <.001 | .57 | <.001 | .44 | <.001 | .41 | <.001 |
| 11–17 | .59 | <.001 | .85 | <.001 | .61 | <.001 | .36 | <.001 | .34 | <.001 |
| Female | .99 | .83 | 1.00 | .92 | .87 | <.001 | 1.08 | .05 | .95 | .09 |
| Self-reported health | ||||||||||
| Excellent | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| Very good | 1.09 | .18 | 1.22 | <.001 | 1.19 | <.001 | 1.24 | <.001 | .92 | .01 |
| Good | 1.20 | .02 | 1.78 | <.001 | 1.54 | <.001 | 1.29 | <.001 | .95 | .20 |
| Fair | 1.11 | .58 | 2.34 | <.001 | 3.52 | <.001 | 1.88 | <.001 | 1.04 | .72 |
| Poor | 1.23 | .72 | 3.99 | <.001 | 5.36 | <.001 | 6.63 | .03 | 1.05 | .86 |
| Citizenship/nativity | ||||||||||
| US-born | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| Naturalized citizen | .54 | <.001 | 1.12 | .51 | .96 | .76 | .88 | .36 | .88 | .26 |
| Non-US citizen | .58 | <.001 | 1.15 | .16 | .86 | .10 | .79 | <.001 | .76 | <.001 |
| Mother’s education | ||||||||||
| >High school | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| <High school | .58 | <.001 | 1.02 | .76 | .94 | .16 | .53 | <.001 | .64 | <.001 |
| High school | .63 | <.001 | .95 | .24 | 1.02 | .57 | .66 | <.001 | .70 | <.001 |
| Family income (% FPL) | ||||||||||
| >200% | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| 100–200% | .70 | <.001 | 1.24 | <.001 | 1.13 | <.001 | .75 | <.001 | .76 | <.001 |
| <100% | .68 | <.001 | 1.69 | <.001 | 1.22 | <.001 | .78 | <.001 | .81 | <.001 |
| Interview language | ||||||||||
| English | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| Spanish | 1.05 | .62 | 1.17 | .02 | .61 | .00 | .85 | .02 | .75 | <.001 |
| Other | 2.18 | .27 | .85 | .74 | .78 | .47 | 1.15 | .78 | .99 | .99 |
| Health insurance | ||||||||||
| Uninsured | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| Private health insurance | 9.16 | <.001 | .92 | .22 | .91 | .12 | 3.38 | <.001 | 2.91 | <.001 |
| Public health insurance | 8.62 | <.001 | 1.34 | <.001 | 1.49 | <.001 | 3.96 | <.001 | 3.35 | <.001 |
| US Census region | ||||||||||
| Northeast | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| Midwest | .50 | <.001 | 1.37 | <.001 | .99 | .89 | .61 | <.001 | .39 | <.001 |
| South | .41 | <.001 | 1.55 | <.001 | .90 | .01 | .57 | <.001 | .37 | <.001 |
| West | .37 | <.001 | 1.56 | <.001 | .74 | <.001 | .43 | <.001 | .34 | <.001 |
| Survey year | ||||||||||
| 2006 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
| 2007 | .81 | .04 | 1.13 | .08 | .94 | .24 | 1.07 | .35 | 1.06 | .32 |
| 2008 | .81 | .06 | 1.22 | .01 | .97 | .61 | 1.18 | .03 | 1.17 | .01 |
| 2009 | 1.04 | .74 | 1.18 | .02 | .96 | .36 | 1.20 | .01 | 1.28 | <.001 |
| 2010 | .94 | .59 | 1.11 | .16 | .97 | .51 | 1.31 | <.001 | 1.40 | <.001 |
| 2011 | 1.40 | <.001 | 1.04 | .60 | .82 | <.001 | 1.35 | <.001 | 1.49 | <.001 |
Note: OR = odds ratio; FPL = federal poverty level.