Table 2. Sensitivity and specificity percentages and costs of imaging tests based on location of the metastatic breast cancer.
| Bone | Lung | Liver | Brain | Costs in ɛ (NZA, 2014) | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sensitivity | ||||||
| Bone scintigraphy | 80 (67–93) | NA | NA | NA | 135 | (Houssami and Costelloe, 2012) |
| X-ray | 61 (57–66) | 74 (67–80) | NA | NA | 47 | (Mahner et al, 2008, National Lung Screening Trial Research Team, 2013) |
| Magnetic resonance imaging | 94 (92–96) | NA | 81 (76–86) | 96 (84–99) | 251a/199b | (Weber et al, 2006; Costelloe et al, 2009; Floriani et al, 2010) |
| Ultrasound | NA | NA | 63 (25–87) | NA | 52 | (Floriani et al, 2010) |
| Computed tomography | 67 (48–80) | 94 (91–96) | 97 (89–100) | 86 (71–93) | 199 | (Ellika et al, 2007; Mahner et al, 2008, National Lung Screening Trial Research Team, 2013, Sadigh et al, 2014) |
| FES-PETc | 91 (88–100) | 90 (82–97) | 20 (10–30) | 46 (40–52) | 1.505 | Expert opinion |
| FDG-PET | 90 (88–96) | 90 (88–96) | 90 (88–96) | 50 (40–60) | 1.505 | (Radan et al, 2006; Hahn et al, 2011;Evangelista et al, 2012; Murakami et al, 2012), Expert opinion |
|
Specificity | ||||||
| Bone scintigraphy | 86 (68–100) | NA | NA | NA | (Houssami and Costelloe, 2012) | |
| X-ray | 100 (99–100) | 91 (91–92) | NA | NA | (Mahner et al, 2008, National Lung Screening Trial Research Team, 2013) | |
| Magnetic resonance imaging | 89 (76–100) | NA | 97 (94–99) | 62 (48–76) | (Weber et al, 2006; Costelloe et al, 2009; Floriani et al, 2010) | |
| Ultrasound | NA | NA | 98 (96–100) | NA | (Floriani et al, 2010) | |
| Computed tomography | 95 (80–95) | 90 (90–100) | 76 (68–84) | 100 (92–100) | (Mahner et al, 2008, Hendriks et al, 2013; National Lung Screening Trial Research Team, 2013, Sadigh et al, 2014) | |
| FES-PETc | 99 (98–100) | 99 (98–100) | 99 (98–100) | 99 (98–100) | Expert opinion | |
| FDG-PET | 81 (71–95) | 81 (71–95) | 81 (71–95) | 50 (40–60) | (Hahn et al, 2011; Radan et al, 2006; Evangelista et al, 2012; Murakami et al, 2012), Expert opinion, Expert opinion | |
Abbreviations: ER=oestrogen receptor; FDG=2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose; FES=16α-[18F]fluoro-17β-oestradiol; MRI=magnetic resonance imaging; NA=not applicable; PET=positron emission tomography.
Listed are estimated averages (95% confidence interval).
a
Price per bone MRI.
b
Price per brain/liver MRI.
c
The sensitivity and specificity values presented are relevant for ER-positive patients only.