Table 3. Coefficients of Full and Final Models, and Comparably Best Fitting Models, with Pairwise Comparisons for Levels of Each Fixed Effect in the Model.
| Response Variable | Model | Fixed Effects | Estimate | SE | z Value | p | Sig. Codes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a) Calling (yes/no) | Location * Feeding order * Sex + Age class + Residency (Full model) | (Intercept) | −3.708 | 1.528 | −2.427 | 0.0152 | * |
| Location (Bears vs. Wild boars) | −0.835 | 0.472 | −1.769 | 0.0768 | + | ||
| Feeding order (First vs. Second) | −1.101 | 0.668 | −1.647 | 0.0995 | + | ||
| Sex (Female vs. Male) | −3.870 | 2.258 | −1.714 | 0.0865 | + | ||
| Age class (Adult vs. Juvenile) | 6.361 | 3.901 | 1.631 | 0.1030 | |||
| Age class (Adult vs. Subadult) | −0.239 | 1.858 | −0.129 | 0.8975 | |||
| Age class (Juvenile vs. Subadult) | −7.545 | 4.203 | −1.795 | 0.0726 | + | ||
| Residency (Resident vs. Visitor) | 0.196 | 1.862 | 0.105 | 0.9161 | |||
| Residency (Resident vs. Vagrant) | −1.056 | 2.405 | −0.439 | 0.6608 | |||
| Residency (Visitor vs. Vagrant) | −1.676 | 2.432 | −0.689 | 0.4906 | |||
| Location : Feeding order | 0.611 | 0.816 | 0.749 | 0.4538 | |||
| Location : Sex | 0.683 | 0.882 | 0.774 | 0.4392 | |||
| Feeding order : Sex | −17.467 | 3785.431 | −0.005 | 0.9963 | |||
| Location : Feeding order : Sex | 16.710 | 3785.431 | 0.004 | 0.9965 | |||
| Feeding order (Final model) | (Intercept) | −9.076 | 2.146 | −4.230 | <0.0001 | *** | |
| Feeding order (First vs. Second) | −1.121 | 0.310 | −3.616 | 0.0003 | *** | ||
| Location + Feeding order | (Intercept) | −8.919 | 2.149 | −4.151 | <0.0001 | *** | |
| Location (Bears vs. Wild boars) | −0.362 | 0.333 | −1.085 | 0.2779 | |||
| Feeding order (First vs. Second) | −0.977 | 0.336 | −2.910 | 0.0036 | ** | ||
| Location + Feeding order + Sex | (Intercept) | −7.360 | 2.160 | −3.408 | 0.0007 | *** | |
| Location (Bears vs. Wild boars) | −0.361 | 0.333 | −1.084 | 0.2782 | |||
| Feeding order (First vs. Second) | −0.976 | 0.336 | −2.907 | 0.0036 | ** | ||
| Sex (Female vs. Male) (Intercept) | −2.104 | 4.150 | −0.507 | 0.6121 | |||
| Location * Feeding order | (Intercept) | −8.854 | 2.157 | −4.105 | <0.0001 | *** | |
| Location (Bears vs. Wild boars) | −0.573 | 0.402 | −1.426 | 0.1540 | |||
| Feeding order (First vs. Second) | −1.463 | 0.613 | −2.388 | 0.0170 | * | ||
| Location * Feeding order | 0.700 | 0.728 | 0.962 | 0.3360 | |||
| Feeding order + Sex | (Intercept) | −7.521 | 2.157 | −3.486 | 0.0005 | *** | |
| Feeding order (First vs. Second) | −1.121 | 0.310 | −3.614 | 0.0003 | *** | ||
| Sex (Female vs. Male) | −2.100 | 4.155 | −0.506 | 0.6132 | |||
| b) Call rate | Calling frequency * Landing frequency (Full model) | (Intercept) | 3.171 | 3.445 | 0.920 | 0.357 | |
| Calling frequency | 0.019 | 0.061 | 0.315 | 0.753 | |||
| Landing frequency | −0.016 | 0.046 | −0.342 | 0.732 | |||
| Calling frequency : landing frequency | −0.0002 | 0.0008 | −0.256 | 0.798 | |||
| Landing frequency (Final model) | (Intercept) | 4.963 | 0.470 | 10.553 | <0.0001 | *** | |
| Landing frequency (Intercept) | −0.036 | 0.006 | −5.833 | <0.0001 | *** | ||
| (Intercept) | 4.021 | 0.932 | 4.313 | <0.0001 | *** | ||
| Calling frequency + Landing frequency | Calling frequency | 0.004 | 0.003 | 1.169 | 0.2426 | ||
| Landing frequency | −0.027 | 0.010 | −2.677 | 0.0074 | ** | ||
| c) Call rate | Residency | (Intercept) | 2.381 | 0.069 | 34.50 | <0.0001 | *** |
| Residency (Resident vs. Visitor) | −0.296 | 0.094 | −3.152 | 0.0016 | ** | ||
| Residency (Resident vs. Vagrant) | −0.621 | 0.182 | −3.416 | 0.0006 | *** | ||
| Residency (Visitor vs. Vagrant) | −0.325 | 0.181 | −1.794 | 0.0728 | + | ||
| Focal Individual | Intercept | 2.443 | 0.071 | 34.40 | <0.0001 | *** | |
| Bi vs. Ge | −0.694 | 0.180 | −3.853 | 0.0001 | *** | ||
| Bi vs. Go | −0.438 | 0.206 | −2.131 | 0.0331 | * | ||
| Bi vs. Hm | −0.495 | 0.165 | −3.007 | 0.0026 | ** | ||
| Bi vs. La | −0.550 | 0.133 | −4.147 | >0.0001 | *** | ||
| Bi vs. Ti | −0.080 | 0.121 | −0.658 | 0.5103 | |||
| Ge vs. Go | 0.255 | 0.256 | 0.998 | 0.3181 | |||
| Ge vs. Hm | 0.199 | 0.223 | 0.891 | 0.3731 | |||
| Ge vs. La | 0.144 | 0.199 | 0.720 | 0.4713 | |||
| Ge vs. Ti | 0.614 | 0.195 | 3.143 | 0.0017 | ** | ||
| Go vs. Hm | −0.057 | 0.248 | −0.288 | 0.8193 | |||
| Go vs. La | −0.112 | 0.226 | −0.495 | 0.6203 | |||
| Go vs. Ti | 0.359 | 0.218 | 1.646 | 0.0997 | + | ||
| Hm vs. La | −0.055 | 0.192 | −0.289 | 0.0243 | * | ||
| Hm vs. Ti | 0.495 | 0.165 | 3.007 | 0.0026 | ** | ||
| La vs. Ti | 0.415 | 0.184 | 2.252 | 0.0243 | * |
Note. (:) indicate interactions between fixed effects; (*) and (+) indicate significance levels
p < 0.001.
p < 0.01.
p < 0.05.
p < 0.1