Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 14.
Published in final edited form as: Anim Behav Cogn. 2014 Aug 1;1(3):265–280. doi: 10.12966/abc.08.04.2014

Table 3. Coefficients of Full and Final Models, and Comparably Best Fitting Models, with Pairwise Comparisons for Levels of Each Fixed Effect in the Model.

Response Variable Model Fixed Effects Estimate SE z Value p Sig. Codes
a) Calling (yes/no) Location * Feeding order * Sex + Age class + Residency (Full model) (Intercept) −3.708 1.528 −2.427 0.0152 *
Location (Bears vs. Wild boars) −0.835 0.472 −1.769 0.0768 +
Feeding order (First vs. Second) −1.101 0.668 −1.647 0.0995 +
Sex (Female vs. Male) −3.870 2.258 −1.714 0.0865 +
Age class (Adult vs. Juvenile) 6.361 3.901 1.631 0.1030
Age class (Adult vs. Subadult) −0.239 1.858 −0.129 0.8975
Age class (Juvenile vs. Subadult) −7.545 4.203 −1.795 0.0726 +
Residency (Resident vs. Visitor) 0.196 1.862 0.105 0.9161
Residency (Resident vs. Vagrant) −1.056 2.405 −0.439 0.6608
Residency (Visitor vs. Vagrant) −1.676 2.432 −0.689 0.4906
Location : Feeding order 0.611 0.816 0.749 0.4538
Location : Sex 0.683 0.882 0.774 0.4392
Feeding order : Sex −17.467 3785.431 −0.005 0.9963
Location : Feeding order : Sex 16.710 3785.431 0.004 0.9965
Feeding order (Final model) (Intercept) −9.076 2.146 −4.230 <0.0001 ***
Feeding order (First vs. Second) −1.121 0.310 −3.616 0.0003 ***
Location + Feeding order (Intercept) −8.919 2.149 −4.151 <0.0001 ***
Location (Bears vs. Wild boars) −0.362 0.333 −1.085 0.2779
Feeding order (First vs. Second) −0.977 0.336 −2.910 0.0036 **
Location + Feeding order + Sex (Intercept) −7.360 2.160 −3.408 0.0007 ***
Location (Bears vs. Wild boars) −0.361 0.333 −1.084 0.2782
Feeding order (First vs. Second) −0.976 0.336 −2.907 0.0036 **
Sex (Female vs. Male) (Intercept) −2.104 4.150 −0.507 0.6121
Location * Feeding order (Intercept) −8.854 2.157 −4.105 <0.0001 ***
Location (Bears vs. Wild boars) −0.573 0.402 −1.426 0.1540
Feeding order (First vs. Second) −1.463 0.613 −2.388 0.0170 *
Location * Feeding order 0.700 0.728 0.962 0.3360
Feeding order + Sex (Intercept) −7.521 2.157 −3.486 0.0005 ***
Feeding order (First vs. Second) −1.121 0.310 −3.614 0.0003 ***
Sex (Female vs. Male) −2.100 4.155 −0.506 0.6132
b) Call rate Calling frequency * Landing frequency (Full model) (Intercept) 3.171 3.445 0.920 0.357
Calling frequency 0.019 0.061 0.315 0.753
Landing frequency −0.016 0.046 −0.342 0.732
Calling frequency : landing frequency −0.0002 0.0008 −0.256 0.798
Landing frequency (Final model) (Intercept) 4.963 0.470 10.553 <0.0001 ***
Landing frequency (Intercept) −0.036 0.006 −5.833 <0.0001 ***
(Intercept) 4.021 0.932 4.313 <0.0001 ***
Calling frequency + Landing frequency Calling frequency 0.004 0.003 1.169 0.2426
Landing frequency −0.027 0.010 −2.677 0.0074 **
c) Call rate Residency (Intercept) 2.381 0.069 34.50 <0.0001 ***
Residency (Resident vs. Visitor) −0.296 0.094 −3.152 0.0016 **
Residency (Resident vs. Vagrant) −0.621 0.182 −3.416 0.0006 ***
Residency (Visitor vs. Vagrant) −0.325 0.181 −1.794 0.0728 +
Focal Individual Intercept 2.443 0.071 34.40 <0.0001 ***
Bi vs. Ge −0.694 0.180 −3.853 0.0001 ***
Bi vs. Go −0.438 0.206 −2.131 0.0331 *
Bi vs. Hm −0.495 0.165 −3.007 0.0026 **
Bi vs. La −0.550 0.133 −4.147 >0.0001 ***
Bi vs. Ti −0.080 0.121 −0.658 0.5103
Ge vs. Go 0.255 0.256 0.998 0.3181
Ge vs. Hm 0.199 0.223 0.891 0.3731
Ge vs. La 0.144 0.199 0.720 0.4713
Ge vs. Ti 0.614 0.195 3.143 0.0017 **
Go vs. Hm −0.057 0.248 −0.288 0.8193
Go vs. La −0.112 0.226 −0.495 0.6203
Go vs. Ti 0.359 0.218 1.646 0.0997 +
Hm vs. La −0.055 0.192 −0.289 0.0243 *
Hm vs. Ti 0.495 0.165 3.007 0.0026 **
La vs. Ti 0.415 0.184 2.252 0.0243 *

Note. (:) indicate interactions between fixed effects; (*) and (+) indicate significance levels

***

p < 0.001.

**

p < 0.01.

*

p < 0.05.

+

p < 0.1