TABLE 2—
Crude and Age-Standardized Prevalence of Sensory Impairment by Socioeconomic Position Among US Adults Aged 25–64 Years: National Health Interview Survey, 2007–2010
| Vision Impairment |
Hearing Impairment |
|||
| SEP Indicator | Crude Prevalence, % (95% CI) | Age-Standardized Prevalence,a % (95% CI) | Crude Prevalence, % (95% CI) | Age-Standardized Prevalence,a % (95% CI) |
| Total | 9.2 (8.9, 9.5) | 6.3 (6.0, 6.7) | 12.6 (12.2, 12.9) | 6.9 (6.5, 7.2) |
| Educational attainment | ||||
| < high school diploma | 13 (12.1, 14.0) | 7.7 (6.9, 8.7) | 14.2 (13.3, 15.3) | 6.6 (5.8, 7.6) |
| High school diploma/GED | 9.5 (8.9, 10.1) | 6.4 (5.8, 7.2) | 14.1 (13.4, 14.8) | 8.6 (7.8, 9.4) |
| Some college | 10.6 (10.1, 11.2) | 7.4 (6.8, 8.0) | 13.9 (13.4, 14.5) | 8.1 (7.5, 8.7) |
| College graduate | 6.1 (5.6, 6.5) | 4.4 (4.0, 4.9) | 9.4 (9.0, 9.9) | 4.6 (4.2, 5.1) |
| Linear trend test | *** | *** | ||
| Occupational class | ||||
| White collar | 8.4 (8.1, 8.8) | 6.1 (5.8, 6.6) | 11.1 (10.7, 11.5) | 6.1 (5.7, 6.5) |
| Service | 11.4 (10.6, 12.2) | 7.2 (6.5, 8.1) | 12.1 (11.3, 12.9) | 6.7 (6.0, 7.5) |
| Farming | 13 (9.8, 17.1) | 6.7 (4.1, 10.9) | 15.9 (11.5, 21.6) | 5.7 (3.4, 9.3) |
| Blue collar | 10 (9.3, 10.7) | 6.1 (5.4, 6.8) | 17.4 (16.6, 18.1) | 9.3 (8.4, 10.1) |
| Not in labor force | 9.9 (8.6, 11.5) | 6.4 (4.8, 8.5) | 8.9 (7.8, 10.2) | 5.5 (4.2, 7.1) |
| Linear trend test | ns | ns | ||
| PIR-based income classification | ||||
| Poor (PIR < 1.00) | 15.1 (14.2, 16.1) | 9.9 (8.9, 11.0) | 15.2 (14.3, 16.2) | 8.9 (7.9, 9.9) |
| Low income (PIR 1.00–2.99) | 12.1 (11.4, 12.9) | 7.6 (6.8, 8.5) | 12.7 (12.0, 13.5) | 7.2 (6.5, 8.0) |
| Middle income (PIR 3.00–3.99) | 9.1 (8.1, 9.6) | 6.0 (5.5, 6.6) | 12.4 (11.8, 13.0) | 7.1 (6.5, 7.7) |
| High income (PIR ≥ 4.00) | 6.7 (6.3, 7.1) | 4.5 (4.1, 5.1) | 11.9 (11.5, 12.4) | 5.7 (5.3, 6.3) |
| Linear trend test | *** | *** | ||
Note. CI = confidence interval; GED = general educational development; ns = nonsignificant; PIR = poverty-to-income ratio; SEP = socioeconomic position. Linear trend was assessed by weighted least squares regression.
a
Standardized by the direct method to the 2000 US Census population
***P < .001.