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. 2015 May 1;21:523–531.

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Copyright © 2015 Molecular Vision.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, used for non-commercial purposes, and is not altered or transformed.

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Promotion effects of TCS-401 on the expression of α-SMA in rat RPE cells in vitro. A: Immunolocalization of α-SMA in cultured rat RPE cells. RPE cells were stimulated with medium at different concentrations of TCS-401. ICC studies confirmed the TCS-401 concentration-dependent expression of α-SMA (green) and change in morphological characteristics of cells. PI staining (red) indicated nuclei. Original magnification=200X. B: Western blots showed levels of α-SMA proteins in rat RPE cells treated with TCS-401 at concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 2 μM for 24 h. The level of α-SMA protein rose along with higher concentrations. The data are representative of at least three independent experiments. α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin; ICC, immunocytochemistry; PI, propidium iodide; RPE, retinal pigment epithelium.