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. 2015 May 13;74:10.3402/ijch.v74.27963. doi: 10.3402/ijch.v74.27963

Table III.

Studies from northern Europe on D3 levels (nmol/l) in the population sorted according to northern latitude

Study Year Area Latitude Season (month) Number Age D3 mean total D3 mean women D3 mean men Insufficient (%)
Kozlow (22) 2009–2012 N Russia 66–67N Complete year 188 18–60 31–50 34–58
Brustad (6) 2002 N Norway 65–71N Mo 11–5 443 44–59 57 38
This study 2009 N Sweden 63–69N Mo 1–4 1,622 25–74 68 71 65 20.1
Sigurdsson (15) 1998 Iceland 64N Mo 09–06 308 70 53 13
Larose (12) 1995–1997 Mid Norway 64N 2,505 19–55 59 59 58 40
Standahl Olsen (RW.ERROR – unable to find reference: 1,040) 2005 Norway 58–70N Mo 4–8 372 48–62 42 77
Burgaz (9) 2006 Mid Sweden 60N Mo 1–3 116 61–86 69 18
Deleskog (33) 1992–1998 Stockholm 60N Complete year 2,022 35–56 57 61
Lamberg-Allardt (8) 1998 S Finland 60N Mo 2–3 328 31–43 47 45
Littorin (13) 1987–1988 Sweden 55–69N 208 25 97 100 93
Landin-Wilhelmsen (20) 1984 Gothenburg 57N Mo 3–11 382 25–64 73 66 52.2
Macdonald (32) 2006 Scotland 57N Complete year 377 55–70 28 76
Thuesen (7) 1999–2001 Denmark 56N Complete year 6,146 30–60 48
Shirazi (14) 1991–1996 Malmö 55N Complete year 727 41–73 88
Gerdhem (11) 1996–1999 Malmö 55N Complete year 986 75 95 4