Table 3.
Self‐Reported Attitudes and External Factors and Differences Between Provider Type
| MD, No. (%) | PA, No. (%) | RN, No. (%) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Provider attitudes––BFAI | ||||
| Knowledge, motivation | ||||
| Barrier | 40 (74.1) | 48 (56.5) | 39 (42.9) | .001 |
| Training/education | ||||
| Barrier | 15 (27.8) | 6 (7.1) | 9 (9.9) | .001 |
| Provider attitudes––additional skills needed | ||||
| Barrier | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.2) | 58 (8.8) | .008 |
| Patient factors––BFAI | ||||
| Seem healthy/asymptomatic | ||||
| Barrier | 5 (9.3) | 16 (18.8) | 28 (30.8) | .007 |
| Patient factors––additional items | ||||
| Patient awareness | ||||
| Barrier | 34 (63.0) | 70 (82.4) | 65 (71.4) | .035 |
| Patient doubt | ||||
| Barrier | 34 (63.0) | 70 (82.4) | 65 (71.4) | .023 |
| Causing discomfort | ||||
| Barrier | 4(7.4) | 22(25.9) | 17 (18.7) | .025 |
| Guideline factors––BFAI | ||||
| Time investment | ||||
| Barrier | 7 (13.0) | 8 (9.4) | 2 (2.2) | .038 |
| Organizational factors––BFAI | ||||
| Reimbursement, insurance system | ||||
| Barrier | 10 (18.5) | 16 (18.8) | 30 (33.3) | .048 |
| Organizational factors––additional items | ||||
| Formalized ACEP policy | ||||
| Barrier | 36 (66.7) | 48 (65.6) | 36 (39.6) | .004 |
| Medical director influence | ||||
| Barrier | 17 (31.5) | 27 (31.8) | 65 (71.4) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: ACEP, American College of Emergency Physicians; BFAI, Barriers and Facilitators to Assessment Instrument; MD, medical doctor; PA, physician assistant; RN, registered nurse.