Table 3. Increases and Decreases of Staff Physical Activity Promotion Behaviors During Scheduled Physical Activity Time from Baseline to Post-assessment.

	Percent of scans observed during scheduled physical activity time
	Summer 2011	Summer 2012	Summer 2013	Δ From baseline to final assessment
Physical Activity Promoting Staff Behavior
Staff leading or instructing physical activity	9.5	14.3	19	9.5
Staff verbally promoting physical activity	2.9	4.8	10.9	8.0
Frontline staff engaged in physical activity with children (i.e. playing the game)	25.4	20.4	36.8	11.4
Choice provided (i.e. more than one activity opportunity provided)	9.4	1.9	11.5	2.1
Small game (i.e. games with less than 10 children participating)	0	1.7	3.6	3.6
Girls only physical activity opportunity	0.6	2.1	3.6	3.0
Physical Activity Discouraging Staff Behavior
Staff verbally discouraging physical activity	2.3	1.3	2	-0.3
Withholding physical activity as a consequence of misbehavior	2.1	1.6	1.0	-1.1
Children standing in line and waiting for turn	18.9	7.8	14.9	-4.0
Playing elimination game (i.e. children eliminated from PA opportunities)	8.5	7	5.5	-3.0
Frontline staff giving instructions	10.9	11.4	11.9	1.0
Frontline staff disciplining children	2.1	2.3	2.5	0.4
Idle-time (i.e. children waiting for direction from staff with no specific task)	53.1	18.2	10.7	-42.4

Percentages are adjusted means based on multilevel mixed effects linear & nonlinear regression

Bolded numbers are statistically significant changes at p < 0.05

Based on 8,348 SOSPAN scans over 98 program days in the Summer of 2011, 2012, and 2013