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. 2015 May 7;13:35. doi: 10.1186/s12951-015-0094-4

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© Wu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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NDs protect C57BL/6J mouse skin from UVB-induced inflammation. Experiment setting (A) and the typical appearance of hair-removed mouse skin before (A1) and three days after UVB irradiation [UVI 6, 20 min per day, 3 cycles; (135.9 mJ/cm²/day × 3 days)], with or without protection at 2 mg/cm² nanomaterial density (A2). Bare skin surrounding the experimental area was protected using aluminum foil. Each material was applied to the anterior, middle, and posterior position three times on three mice (A). TNF-α and IL-1β in mouse skin are reported as pg per mg of protein (B). n = 9 (three experiments repeated three times). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; significant amelioration versus respective UVB vehicle groups. Data are mean ± SD.