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Glucolipotoxicity impairs transcription of mtDNA. The expression of mtDNA-encoded Cytb was quantified by qPCR in the cells incubated in high-glucose medium in the presence of palmitate or ceramide; β-actin was used as the housekeeping gene. The results are represented as mean ± SD from two to three cell preparations. *P < 0.05 vs. 5 mM glucose.
