Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for 12 sub-Saharan African countries in 2010-2012
| Survey | n Febrile under-fives taken to any care a | % receiving a diagnostic test b (95% CI) | % receiving any anti-malarial drug c (95% CI) | % receiving ACT d (95% CI) | % receiving any antibiotic drug e (95% CI) | Year of national policy change f | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benin DHS 2011-2012 | Total | 620 | 20.0 (16.1-24.0) | 48.0 (43.2-52.9) | 17.5 (14.0-21.0) | 28.6 (24.5-32.6) | 2011 |
| Tested | 124 | - | 59.9 (48.3-71.5) | 22.1 (14.0-30.3) | 30.8 (21.3-40.2) | ||
| Not tested | 492 | - | 44.8 (39.8-49.7) | 16.0 (12.3-19.7) | 27.9 (23.2-32.5) | ||
| Burkina Faso DHS 2010-2011 | Total | 1,823 | 7.7 (6.1-9.2) | 48.0 (44.8-51.1) | 12.5 (10.6-14.4) | 44.0 (40.9-47.1) | 2009 |
| Tested | 140 | - | 61.1 (51.9-70.3) | 16.9 (10.5-23.3) | 44.2 (35.0-53.4) | ||
| Not tested | 1,671 | - | 46.8 (43.6-50.1) | 12.1 (10.1-14.1) | 43.8 (40.6-47.0) | ||
| Burundi DHS 2010-2011 | Total | 1,432 | 36.9 (33.4-40.4) | 25.9 (22.8-29.0) | 18.0 (15.2-20.9) | 54.6 (50.7-58.5) | 2007 |
| Tested | 528 | - | 38.3 (32.5-44.0) | 24.9 (19.3-30.6) | 48.8 (42.7-54.9) | ||
| Not tested | 895 | - | 18.8 (15.7-21.9) | 14.1 (11.1-17.0) | 58.1 (53.9-62.2) | ||
| Cote d’Ivoire DHS 2011-2012 | Total | 965 | 13.6 (10.7-16.4) | 22.7 (18.8-26.7) | 3.3 (1.7-4.9) | 34.6 (30.3-38.9) | - |
| Tested | 131 | - | 42.4 (32.1-52.7) | 9.2 (3.3-15.1) | 45.9 (35.9-56.0) | ||
| Not tested | 821 | - | 19.2 (15.3-23.2) | 2.4 (0.7-4.1) | 33.0 (28.4-37.6) | ||
| Gabon DHS 2012 | Total | 738 | 16.8 (11.3-22.3) | 26.2 (20.0-32.4) | 10.6 (6.9-14.4) | 59.0 (51.5-66.5) | 2009 |
| Tested | 124 | - | 32.9 (20.5-45.3) | 8.6 (3.6-13.5) | 51.2 (37.6-64.8) | ||
| Not tested | 596 | - | 25.0 (17.6-32.3) | 10.8 (5.9-15.6) | 60.9 (53.2-68.6) | ||
| Guinea DHS 2012 | Total | 931 | 12.7 (9.8-15.6) | 44.3 (39.9-48.7) | 2.2 (1.0-3.4) | 40.6 (35.9-45.2) | 2010 |
| Tested | 118 | - | 53.0 (40.9-65.0) | 4.1 (0.7-7.5) | 54.6 (43.7-65.4) | ||
| Not tested | 808 | - | 43.0 (38.4-47.7) | 1.9 (0.6-3.2) | 38.3 (33.5-43.1) | ||
| Malawi DHS 2010 | Total | 4,337 | 21.4 (19.2-23.6) | 55.0 (52.5-57.4) | 46.5 (44.0-49.1) | 29.6 (27.6-31.7) | 2011 |
| Tested | 928 | - | 64.2 (59.1-69.3) | 50.6 (45.3-55.9) | 33.8 (29.2-38.5) | ||
| Not tested | 3,363 | - | 52.6 (50.1-55.1) | 45.6 (43.0-48.1) | 28.5 (26.3-30.7) | ||
| Mozambique DHS 2011 | Total | 888 | 43.4 (38.8-48.1) | 41.8 (37.1-46.5) | 25.3 (20.7-29.9) | 12.0 (9.6-14.5) | 2009 |
| Tested | 386 | - | 55.5 (48.9-62.0) | 39.7 (32.5-46.9) | 12.8 (9.0-16.6) | ||
| Not tested | 502 | - | 31.3 (25.9-36.8) | 14.3 (10.2-18.3) | 11.4 (8.0-14.8) | ||
| Rwanda DHS 2010-2011 | Total | 657 | 36.6 (32.6-40.6) | 20.4 (17.3-23.5) | 19.6 (16.5-22.7) | 49.1 (45.0-53.2) | 2009 |
| Tested | 240 | - | 20.4 (15.5-25.3) | 19.9 (15.1-24.7) | 65.4 (59.2-71.6) | ||
| Not tested | 413 | - | 20.6 (16.5-24.7) | 19.6 (15.6-23.6) | 39.5 (34.4-44.5) | ||
| Senegal DHS 2010-2011 | Total | 1,275 | 14.9 (11.9-17.9) | 14.1 (10.5-17.7) | 5.5 (3.1-8.0) | 43.0 (37.6-48.3) | 2007 |
| Tested | 190 | - | 20.4 (11.2-29.6) | 8.8 (3.6-13.9) | 51.9 (40.1-63.6) | ||
| Not tested | 1,078 | - | 13.0 (9.4-16.7) | 4.9 (2.3-7.6) | 41.5 (36.2-46.8) | ||
| Uganda DHS 2011 | Total | 2,440 | 28.6 (25.5-31.6) | 69.9 (67.0-72.7) | 47.5 (43.8-51.1) | 35.3 (32.3-38.2) | 1997 |
| Tested | 697 | - | 76.4 (71.9-80.8) | 52.7 (47.2-58.1) | 40.9 (35.4-46.5) | ||
| Not tested | 1,726 | - | 67.6 (64.1-71.1) | 45.5 (41.3-49.7) | 33.1 (29.7-36.5) | ||
| Zimbabwe DHS 2010-2011 | Total | 217 | 12.6 (7.8-17.5) | 5.0 (1.3-8.7) | 2.6 (0.2-5.0) | 38.8 (31.9-45.8) | 2008 |
| Tested | 27 | - | 20.5 (3.8-37.1) | 10.9 (−2.0-23.8) | 30.2 (12.1-48.3) | ||
| Not tested | 189 | - | 2.8 (0.3-5.2) | 1.4 (−0.6-3.5) | 40.1 (32.7-47.5) |
National point estimates were tabulated using sample weights pre-specified in datasets. Standard error estimation accounted for data clustering in survey designs.
aChildren under five years old reportedly having fever in the two weeks prior to the interview and taken to any source of care.
bChildren under five years old with fever in the previous two weeks taken to any care and reportedly receiving a finger or heel stick for testing.
cChildren under five years old with fever in the previous two weeks taken to any care and reportedly receiving any anti-malarial drug of any type.
dChildren under five years old with fever in the previous two weeks taken to any care and reportedly receiving ACT.
eChildren under five years old with fever in the previous two weeks taken to any care and reportedly receiving any antibiotic drug of any type.
f[60] Refers to year national policy changed to recommend parasitological diagnosis in patients of all ages prior to treatment.