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. 2015 Apr 18;16:175. doi: 10.1186/s13063-015-0714-1

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© Briet et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Lauge Hansen classification. Trauma mechanism of ankle fractures. Supination abduction: 1. Talofibular ligament sprain or fibular avulsion; 2. Vertical medial malleolus fracture. Supination eversion: 1. anterior tibiofibular ligament sprain; 2. Lateral oblique fibular fracture; 3. Avulsion of posterior malleolus or ligament rupture; 4. Transverse medial malleolus fracture or disruption of deltoid ligament. Pronation abduction: 1. Transverse medial malleolus fracture or deltoid ligament; 2. Anterior tibiofibular ligament sprain; 3. Transverse comminuted fracture of the fibula. Pronation exorotation: 1. Transverse medial malleolus fracture or deltoid ligament disruption; 2. Anterior tibiofibular ligament disruption; 3. Oblique or spiral fracture of the fibula; 4. Avulsion of posterior malleolus of posterior tibiofibular ligament.