Table 1.

Overview of dimensionality reduction methods commonly applied to neural population responses

Method	Analysis objective	Temporal smoothing	Explicit noise model	Representative uses in neuroscience (refs.)
PCA	Covariance	No	No	6,29,50
FA	Covariance	No	Yes	10,43,100
LDS/GPFA	Dynamics	Yes	Yes	12,71,72
NLDS	Dynamics	Yes	Yes	77,78
LDA	Classification	No	No	9,19,56
Demixed	Regression	No	Yes/No	4,16
Isomap/LLE	Manifold discovery	No	No	14,44,58