Table 1. General characteristics of subjects with and without MetS.
| MetS | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | No | Yes | p value* |
| Unweighted (n) | 6622 | 3028 | |
| Age (years) | 42.1 ± 0.3 | 54.4 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
| Sex (male, %) | 53.1 (0.7) | 50.8 (1.1) | 0.106 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.0 ± 0.1 | 26.2 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 78.6 ± 0.2 | 89.4 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 114.2 ± 0.3 | 128.3 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 74.7 ± 0.2 | 81.2 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| FBG (mg/dL) | 92.0 ± 0.2 | 110.3 ± 0.7 | <0.001 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 186.3 ± 0.6 | 198 ± 1.0 | <0.001 |
| TG** (mg/dL) | 93.0 ± 1.5 | 180.5 ± 4.9 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 54.8 ± 0.2 | 45.1 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 110.4 ± 0.5 | 113.7 ± 0.9 | 0.002 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 96.7 ± 0.3 | 88.6 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
| ACR** (mg/g) | 4.1 ± 0.1 | 8.1 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
| Heavy drinker (yes, %) | 9.8 (0.5) | 13.0 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker (yes, %) | 24.6 (0.8) | 25.4 (1.1) | 0.317 |
| Regular exercise (yes, %) | 20.0 (0.7) | 16.0 (1) | 0.001 |
| Rural area (yes, %) | 18.0 (2.0) | 24.8 (2.6) | <0.001 |
| Education level (yes, %) | |||
| high school or more ≥10 | 79.0 (0.8) | 52.3 (1.4) | <0.001 |
| Monthly income (yes, %) | |||
| lowest quartile | 11.8 (0.6) | 21.9 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| DM medication (yes, %) | 3.7 (0.3) | 27.2 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| HTN medication (yes, %) | 14.0 (0.6) | 60.5 (1.3) | <0.001 |
* p values were obtained using the Chi-squared test and Student’s t-test.
** Log transformation used to normalize data
Data are presented as mean ± SE or percentages (SE).
MetS, metabolic syndrome; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ACR, albumin-to-creatinine ratio