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. 2015 May 15;10(5):e0126259. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126259

Fig 4. Impact of cigarette exposure on cardiogenic mesoderm development.

Fig 4

(a-c) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of expression levels on day 2 of differentiation for genes involved in mesoderm development following exposure to 6.8 μM e-cigarette, or tobacco cigarette extract. Analysis included the pan mesendoderm marker Brachyury T (T) (b), mesendoderm genes involved in patterning anterior primitive streak, NODAL and goosecoid (GSC) (c), and cardiogenic mesoderm genes eomesodermin (EOMES) and MESP1. (d) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of cardiac progenitor cell markers on day 5 of differentiation including GATA4 and NKX2.5. (e) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Wnt/β-catenin ligands WNT3a, WNT8a, WNT5a and Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitors DKK1 and TMEM88 between days 2 and 5 of differentiation. (f) Time course analysis of onset of beating during cardiac differentiation. n ≥ 6 per group. * P < 0.05.