Table 3.
Descriptive Statistics on Jail-Detained PLWHAs.
| Range | Mean (SD) or N (%) | Correlation With ASI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASI Psychiatric Distress | .04–1.00 | 0.30 (.26) | |
| Distal | |||
| % of Inmate’s City Living Under Poverty Line | 18.70–35.00 | 22.71 (5.12) | .36*** |
| City Income Inequality Ranking | 1–51 | 16.08 (18.54) | .35*** |
| (lower = higher inequality) | |||
| City Health Ranking (higher = less healthy) | 43–167 | 105.58 (34.38) | .26*** |
| Jail Accreditation: % with NCCHC | .00–1.00 | 0.33 (.44) | .31*** |
| Medical Insurance | 673 (76.7) | −.01 | |
| Accessed Substance Use Care | 180 (20.5) | −.06a | |
| Accessed Chronic Disease Care | 244 (27.8) | −.01 | |
| Accessed HIV Care | 671 (76.4) | .02 | |
| Intermediate | |||
| City Danger Level Ranking | 2–101 | 82.09 (28.88) | −.26*** |
| (lower = more dangerous) | |||
| Homeless | 316 (36.0) | .18*** | |
| Received Material Support from Family | 405 (46.1) | .19*** | |
| Committed Relationship | 267 (30.4) | .03 | |
| Employed | 157 (17.9) | .12** | |
| Satisfaction with Family | 1–5 | 3.52 (1.40) | −.24** |
| % of Lifetime Spent Incarcerated | .00–.17 | .07 (.04) | −.03 |
| Proximate | |||
| Age | 20–70 | 44.75 (8.64) | −.12** |
| Gender: Female | 252 (28.7) | .16*** | |
| Income (above $2,000 monthly) | 90 (10.3) | .09* | |
| Sexual Orientation: Homosexual | 95 (10.8) | .01 | |
| Bisexual | 81 (9.2) | .13*** | |
| Perceived Health (1 = excellent) | 1–5 | 3.23 (1.12) | .13*** |
| Education (years of school completed) | 2–16 | 11.29 (1.95) | −.09** |
| Job Training | 350 (39.9) | .02 | |
| Race: African-American | 601 (68.5) | −.12*** | |
| Ethnicity: Latino | 211 (24.0) | −.06a | |
| Acculturation: Birthplace (non-US) | 133 (15.1) | −.02a | |
| Primary Language (Spanish) | 76 (8.7) | .05 | |
| Chronic Disease Severity, # of days out of 30 | 0–30 | 6.04 (10.64) | .32*** |
| Substance Abuse Severity, # of days out of 30 | 0–60b | 17.20 (18.02) | .22*** |
| HIV Marker (viral load ≤ 400) | 257 (29.3) | .05a |
Note. N = 878. PLWHA = people living with HIV/AIDS; ASI = Addiction Severity Index.
a
While Access to Substance Use Care, Latino, Spanish Speaker, and Viral Load were not significantly correlated with Psychiatric Distress at p < .05, they were at p < .20, the cutoff for inclusion in the multivariate model.
b
Substance Abuse Severity is the total number of days in which alcohol was judged to be a problem plus the number of days that other substances were judged to be a problem, so the range extends up to 60.
***
p < .001.
**
p < .01.
*
p < .05.