Table 1.
Positive Hedonic Behaviors | Negative Affective Behaviors | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Groups | LTP | PL | RTP | F | FW | G | HS |
SV | 0.75±0.62 | 2.38± 1.21 | 10.50±3.17 | 3.00±0.71 | 25.13±6.46 | 2.00±1.43 | 2.57±0.35 |
S0.5 | 3.00±1.39 | 0.86± 0.37 | 2.57±1.09 | 7.00±3.30 | 8.14±2.22 | 15.71±6.10 | 0.71±0.33 |
S1 | 1.83±1.17 | 4.50± 3.51 | 5.33±4.74 | 3.50±2.05 | 4.50±2.50 | 14.83±4.38 | 0.67±0.33 |
FV | 6.89±2.83 | 55.11±16.96 | 25.67±6.62 | 1.33±0.67 | 1.33±1.01 | 5.67±3.45 | 0.56±0.34 |
F0.5 | 1.17±0.48 | 33.67±15.85 | 2.83±1.28 | 1.33±0.56 | 10.83±3.25 | 6.50±3.63 | 0.33±0.21 |
F1 | 2.14±0.83 | 18.00± 9.08 | 4.14±0.94 | 1.71±1.23 | 18.43±9.88 | 16.29±6.37 | 0.29±0.29 |
Positive hedonic responses (mean±SEM) were subdivided into lateral tongue protrusions (LTP), paw licks (PL), and rhythmic (midline) tongue protrusions (RTP). Negative affective responses (mean±SEM) were subdivided into flails (F), face wipes (FW), gapes (G), and head shakes (HS). Experimental treatment groups: SV = sham depleted + vehicle; S0.5 = sham depleted + naltrexone (0.5 mg/kg); S1 = sham depleted + naltrexone (1 mg/kg); FV = furosemide depletion + vehicle; F0.5 = furosemide depletion + naltrexone (0.5 mg/kg); F1 = furosemide depletion + naltrexone (1.0 mg/kg).