. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2015 Jun;18(2):133–150. doi: 10.1007/s10567-015-0182-x

Table 5.

Summary of Associations between PPE Improvement Strategies and Outcomes.

Article	PPE Improvement Strategy (coded post-hoc based on Lindsey et al., 2013)	PPE Categories Measured	Significant Results?	Fidelity Measured?
Bickman et al., 1998	Peer pairing Psychoeducation	Global Specific	ns
Chacko et al., 2012	Assessment of treatment barriers Expectation setting Parent coping Problem solving	Homework	⁺
Chacko et al., 2008	Assessment of treatment barriers Expectation setting Parent coping Problem solving	Homework	n/a	n/a
Chacko et al., 2009	Assessment of treatment barriers Expectation setting Parent coping Problem solving	Homework	⁺	^* ^#
Eyberg & Johnson, 1974	Provider reinforcement	Global Homework	⁺
Fabiano et al., 2009	Accessibility promotion	Homework	⁺	^*
Fleischman, 1979	Provider reinforcement	Global Homework	⁺
Jensen & Grimes, 2010	Accessibility promotion Expectation setting	Global	⁺	^* ^#
Nock & Kazdin, 2005	Assessment of treatment barriers Change talk	Homework	⁺	^*
Patterson & Forgatch, 1985	Rapport building	Specific	⁺
Prinz & Miller, 1994	Case management Parent coping Problem solving	Global Homework	ns	^* ^#

Note:

⁺

significant results; ns = not significant; n/a = not applicable;

fidelity mentioned;

fidelity measure described.

Global PPE measure category = broad measures of parents’ participation in treatment that do not reflect a specific behavior in clinical interactions or homework completion; specific PPE measure category = specific parent participation behaviors in clinical interactions; homework completion PPE measure category = completion of a planned action for at home.