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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 13.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Host Microbe. 2015 Apr 9;17(5):662–671. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.03.005

Figure 4. Butyrate Rescues “Physiologic Hypoxia” and Protects Barrier via HIF.

Figure 4

(A) 4 hr following oral gavage of butyrate, tissue luciferase activity increased in the distal gut of Abx-treated ODD-Luc mice.

(B–D) Oral gavage of TBN increased cecal acetate and butyrate (B), luciferase activity (C), and HIF-1α protein (D) in Abx-treated ODD-Luc mice. Daily TBN gavage for 3 days increased retention of O2-sensitive probe in the colon of Abx-treated mice (n = 6 per group).

(H) Validation of lentiviral knockdown of HIF-1β in high-resistance T84 monolayers is shown by western blot.

(I) Role of HIF-1β in mediating influences of NaB treatment is shown by the lower flux ratio in NaB/control-treated control cells compared with HIF-1 β knockdown cells (p < 0.05). Data represent average ± SEM from three independent experiments.

(C, F, and G) Significance was determined using Kruskal-Wallis (C) and Student’s t test ([F] and [G]).