Temporal arteries (TAs) in which varicella-zoster virus (VZV) antigen was detected immunohistochemically were further analyzed pathologically. Sections adjacent to those containing VZV antigen were stained by hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) (A). No staining was seen with mouse isotype IgG1 antibody (B). VZV antigen was found in nearly all giant cell arteritis (GCA)-positive TAs (C, pink color, arrow). H&E of the adjacent section showed classic GCA pathology (D), with inflammation, necrosis of the media, and giant cells (arrow, inset, 600× magnification) corresponding to VZV antigen (C, arrow). 100× magnification.