Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants from the general population by quintiles of plasma testosterone
| Characteristics | Plasma testosterone levels |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st quintile | 2nd quintile | 3rd quintile | 4th quintile | 5th quintile | P-trend | |
| Men | ||||||
| Testosterone levels, nmol/l | 7.2 (6.2–8.2) | 10.4 (9.7–11.2) | 13.6 (12.8–14.4) | 17.7 (16.5–18.8) | 23.8 (21.6–26.7) | |
| No. of participants | 906 | 895 | 875 | 898 | 879 | – |
| Age, years | 59 (49–66) | 59 (49–66) | 57 (48–65) | 57 (48–66) | 58 (49–65) | 0.23 |
| Current smokers, No. (%) | 509 (56) | 535 (60) | 569 (65) | 582 (65) | 648 (74) | 6 × 10−15 |
| Cumulative smoking, pack-years | 30 (14–42) | 29 (13–42) | 30 (16–41) | 30 (14–43) | 30 (18–45) | 1 × 10−3 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27 (25–29) | 26 (24–29) | 26 (24–28) | 25 (23–27) | 24 (22–26) | 3 × 10−76 |
| Alcohol consumption >252 g/week, No. (%) | 161 (18) | 164 (18) | 172 (20) | 163 (18) | 213 (24) | 3 × 10−3 |
| Less than 13 years of education, No. (%) | 606 (67) | 623 (70) | 567 (65) | 595 (66) | 625 (71) | 0.39 |
| Low income, No. (%) | 217 (24) | 216 (24) | 188 (22) | 228 (25) | 250 (28) | 0.07 |
| Women | ||||||
| Testosterone levels, nmol/l | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | 1.6 (1.5–1.7) | 1.9 (1.8–2.0) | 2.2 (2.1–2.3) | 2.8 (2.6–3.2) | |
| No. of participants | 930 | 911 | 937 | 845 | 695 | – |
| Age, years | 58 (48–65) | 57 (47–64) | 57 (47–64) | 56 (47–64) | 57 (47–65) | 0.15 |
| Current smokers, No. (%) | 423 (45) | 474 (52) | 490 (52) | 488 (58) | 435 (63) | 5 × 10−11 |
| Cumulative smoking, pack-years | 10 (0–23) | 11 (0–24) | 13 (0–25) | 15 (3–27) | 15 (0–25) | 6 × 10−9 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24 (22–26) | 24 (22–27) | 24 (22–27) | 24 (22–27) | 24 (22–27) | 0.02 |
| Alcohol consumption >168 g/week, No. (%) | 48 (5) | 65 (7) | 62 (7) | 66 (8) | 70 (10) | 4 × 10−4 |
| Less than 13 years of education, No. (%) | 615 (66) | 599 (66) | 628 (67) | 596 (71) | 488 (70) | 0.01 |
| Low income, No. (%) | 320 (34) | 299 (33) | 317 (33) | 293 (35) | 252 (36) | 0.28 |
| Nulliparous, No. (%) | 240 (26) | 200 (22) | 207 (22) | 203 (24) | 171 (25) | 0.83 |
| Postmenopausal, No. (%) | 480 (52) | 470 (52) | 484 (52) | 459 (54) | 353 (51) | 6 × 10−3 |
| Oral contraceptive use, No. (%) | 58 (6) | 48 (5) | 29 (3) | 35 (4) | 14 (2) | 4 × 10−3 |
| Hormonal replacement therapy, No. (%) | 142 (15) | 112 (12) | 127 (14) | 93 (11) | 118 (17) | 0.32 |
Continuous variables are shown as medians (interquartile range) and categorical variables are shown as numbers (%). Cut-off values of 168 g/week for women and 252 g/week for men are from the recommendation concerning alcohol consumption from the Danish National Board of Health.