Table 2.
Risk of any cancer and cancer types in men and women by testosterone quintile
| Cancer type | Testosterone quintile |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st |
2nd |
3rd |
4th |
5th |
Total | ||||||
| N | HR | N | HR (95% CI) | N | HR (95% CI) | N | HR (95% CI) | N | HR (95% CI) | ||
| Men | |||||||||||
| Any | 209 | 1 | 237 | 1.13 (0.94–1.36) | 217 | 1.03 (0.85–1.25) | 226 | 1.08 (0.89–1.31) | 251 | 1.20 (0.99–1.46) | 1140 |
| Lung | 46 | 1 | 64 | 1.31 (0.89–1.91) | 58 | 1.17 (0.79–1.73) | 65 | 1.25 (0.85–1.84) | 58 | 1.06 (0.71–1.58) | 291 |
| Prostate | 39 | 1 | 31 | 0.84 (0.52–1.34) | 46 | 1.29 (0.84–1.98) | 35 | 1.04 (0.65–1.65) | 47 | 1.47 (0.95–2.30) | 198 |
| Colon | 40 | 1 | 35 | 0.92 (0.58–1.44) | 28 | 0.74 (0.45–1.20) | 44 | 1.20 (0.77–1.85) | 38 | 1.05 (0.66–1.67) | 185 |
| Bladder | 17 | 1 | 22 | 1.30 (0.69–2.45) | 10 | 0.57 (0.26–1.26) | 15 | 0.87 (0.43–1.77) | 14 | 0.77 (0.37–1.61) | 78 |
| Oral | 5 | 1 | 11 | 2.28 (0.79–6.58) | 9 | 1.97 (0.66–5.92) | 13 | 2.85 (1.01–8.09) | 18 | 4.00 (1.44–11.08) | 56 |
| Pancreas | 10 | 1 | 11 | 1.10 (0.47–2.61) | 5 | 0.49 (0.17–1.45) | 14 | 1.41 (0.62–3.23) | 10 | 1.00 (0.40–2.49) | 50 |
| Stomach | 7 | 1 | 10 | 1.44 (0.55–3.79) | 5 | 0.68 (0.22–2.17) | 8 | 1.08 (0.39–3.02) | 13 | 1.70 (0.66–4.40) | 43 |
| Leukaemia | 7 | 1 | 12 | 1.84 (0.72–4.69) | 8 | 1.18 (0.42–3.30) | 8 | 1.24 (0.44–3.48) | 7 | 1.19 (0.40–3.50) | 42 |
| Melanoma | 5 | 1 | 12 | 2.63 (0.92–7.48) | 6 | 1.26 (0.38–4.18) | 10 | 2.27 (0.77–6.72) | 8 | 2.04 (0.65–6.40) | 41 |
| Oesophagus | 6 | 1 | 10 | 1.59 (0.58–4.41) | 8 | 1.36 (0.47–3.97) | 5 | 0.77 (0.23–2.56) | 10 | 1.37 (0.47–3.96) | 39 |
| Kidney | 7 | 1 | 4 | 0.60 (0.17–2.04) | 6 | 0.89 (0.30–2.67) | 7 | 1.04 (0.36–3.02) | 12 | 1.76 (0.66–4.70) | 36 |
| Larynx | 8 | 1 | 5 | 0.61 (0.20–1.86) | 9 | 1.06 (0.40–2.81) | 4 | 0.45 (0.13–1.53) | 5 | 0.53 (0.17–1.71) | 31 |
| Liver | 6 | 1 | 6 | 1.04 (0.33–3.25) | 5 | 0.93 (0.28–3.10) | 4 | 0.72 (0.20–2.60) | 9 | 1.44 (0.48–4.31) | 30 |
| Other | 9 | 1 | 6 | 0.69 (0.24–1.93) | 10 | 1.24 (0.50–3.08) | 11 | 1.32 (0.54–3.23) | 13 | 1.62 (0.66–3.94) | 49 |
| Metastasis, primary unknown | 8 | 1 | 7 | 0.89 (0.32–2.46) | 5 | 0.64 (0.21–2.00) | 4 | 0.47 (0.14–1.59) | 6 | 0.59 (0.19–1.90) | 30 |
| Women | |||||||||||
| Any | 160 | 1 | 183 | 1.14 (0.92–1.41) | 162 | 0.99 (0.80–1.23) | 168 | 1.03 (0.83–1.28) | 136 | 1.11 (0.88–1.40) | 809 |
| Lung | 34 | 1 | 30 | 0.90 (0.55–1.46) | 44 | 1.28 (0.82–2.02) | 46 | 1.27 (0.81–1.98) | 39 | 1.37 (0.86–2.19) | 193 |
| Breast | 31 | 1 | 35 | 1.04 (0.64–1.68) | 35 | 1.05 (0.65–1.71) | 34 | 1.08 (0.66–1.77) | 27 | 1.16 (0.69–1.96) | 162 |
| Colon | 21 | 1 | 16 | 0.78 (0.41–1.51) | 18 | 0.89 (0.47–1.67) | 18 | 0.90 (0.47–1.70) | 11 | 0.78 (0.37–1.62) | 84 |
| Pancreas | 17 | 1 | 14 | 0.83 (0.41–1.69) | 11 | 0.64 (0.30–1.38) | 8 | 0.47 (0.20–1.09) | 8 | 0.62 (0.26–1.45) | 58 |
| Ovary | 12 | 1 | 5 | 0.42 (0.15–1.19) | 4 | 0.34 (0.11–1.05) | 8 | 0.68 (0.28–1.70) | 7 | 0.82 (0.32–2.14) | 36 |
| Melanoma | 5 | 1 | 9 | 1.85 (0.61–5.56) | 7 | 1.46 (0.46–4.61) | 8 | 1.85 (0.60–5.71) | 5 | 1.50 (0.43–5.25) | 34 |
| Endometrial | 3 | 1 | 7 | 2.39 (0.61–9.29) | 8 | 2.74 (0.73–10.38) | 6 | 2.24 (0.55–9.04) | 4 | 1.61 (0.34–7.72) | 28 |
| Leukaemia | 3 | 1 | 6 | 2.10 (0.52–8.43) | 8 | 2.76 (0.73–10.45) | 2 | 0.71 (0.12–4.29) | 6 | 3.09 (0.76–12.53) | 25 |
| Cervix uteri | 3 | 1 | 10 | 3.53 (0.97–12.89) | 4 | 1.32 (0.29–5.94) | 3 | 1.12 (0.22–5.61) | 4 | 1.84 (0.40–8.39) | 24 |
| Bladder | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2.33 (0.42–12.75) | 6 | 3.59 (0.72–17.87) | 4 | 2.48 (0.45–13.61) | 7 | 5.97 (1.22–29.12) | 23 |
| Oral | 3 | 1 | 4 | 0.99 (0.21–4.61) | 5 | 1.36 (0.32–5.75) | 3 | 0.82 (0.16–4.16) | 6 | 1.99 (0.48–8.19) | 21 |
| Other | 10 | 1 | 16 | 1.75 (0.79–3.88) | 10 | 1.06 (0.44–2.56) | 8 | 0.95 (0.37–2.41) | 7 | 1.07 (0.40–2.87) | 51 |
| Metastasis, primary unknown | 7 | 1 | 11 | 1.56 (0.60–4.06) | 2 | 0.28 (0.06–1.36) | 6 | 0.86 (0.28–2.59) | 6 | 0.91 (0.29–2.91) | 32 |
Only cancer types with a total >20 cases and >0 cases per quintile were included. Multifactorially adjusted for smoking status, cumulative smoking, body mass index, alcohol consumption, level of education, and level of income for men and women. For women, parity, menopausal status, oral contraceptive use, and hormone replacement therapy were also adjusted for.
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.