Figure 3.

Subjective ratings and task debriefing for the NN, AN, and HN groups. (A) Differences between the post-test and pre-test PANAS rating scores on positive and negative affects across the three groups. (B) The numbers of successive non-reward trials prior to shifting. (C) Differences between self-prediction and actual game scores across the three groups. (D) Recall and intensity ratings of facial expressions in the experimental phase in each group. Data from the NN, AN, and HN groups are displayed in light gray, red, and deep blue bars, respectively, with the mean ± SEM and ^*p < 0.05.