Table 1.
Characteristics of advanced cancer patients seen in a cancer cachexia clinic with elevated and normal resting energy expenditure
| Patient characteristics and outcomes | Resting energy expenditure (REE) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypermetabolic | Normal | ||||||
| N | % | N | % | N | % | P-value | |
| Age, mean (SD) | 60 | 60.0 (57.0, 62.9) | 35 | 60.7 (56.5, 64.9) | 25 | 58.8 (54.4, 63.3) | 0.43a |
| Cancer type | |||||||
| Dermatological | 2 | (3.3) | 2 | (5.7) | 0 | (0.0) | 0.20b |
| Gastrointestinal | 23 | (38.3) | 15 | (42.9) | 8 | (32.0) | |
| Genitourinary | 2 | (3.3) | 2 | (5.7) | 0 | (0.0) | |
| Gynaecological | 3 | (5.0) | 1 | (2.9) | 2 | (8.0) | |
| Head and neck | 8 | (13.3) | 2 | (5.7) | 6 | (24.0) | |
| Haematological | 1 | (1.7) | 1 | (2.9) | 0 | (0.0) | |
| Sarcoma | 1 | (1.7) | 1 | (2.9) | 0 | (0.0) | |
| Unknown primary | 1 | (1.7) | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (4.0) | |
| Thoracic | 19 | (31.7) | 11 | (31.4) | 8 | (32.0) | |
| Race | |||||||
| Caucasian | 41 | (68.3) | 19 | (54.3) | 22 | (88.0) | 0.01b |
| Non-Caucasian | 19 | (31.7) | 16 | (45.7) | 3 | (12.0) | |
| Gender (male) | 39 | (65.0) | 23 | (65.7) | 16 | (64.0) | >0.99b |
| Advanced cancer stage | 58 | (96.7) | 34 | (97.1) | 24 | (96.0) | >0.99b |
| Chemotherapy and/or radiation treatment within 2 weeks of REE measurement | 36 | (60.0) | 18 | (51.4) | 18 | (72.0) | 0.18b |
| Weight loss (kg)/3 months, mean (SD) | 60 | −7.9 (−10.0,−5.9) | 35 | −8.5 (−11.7, −5.3) | 25 | −7.2 (−9.3, −5.1) | 0.68c |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L), mean (SD) | 49 | 44.4 (26.9, 61.9) | 30 | 37.3 (20.1, 54.5) | 19 | 55.6 (17.3, 93.8) | 0.70c |
| Combined ESAS, mean (SD) | 60 | 4.4 (3.9, 4.9) | 35 | 4.2 (3.6, 4.9) | 25 | 4.5 (3.6, 5.4) | 0.55c |
ESAS, Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale; SD, standard deviation
a
χ2 test.
b
Fisher's exact test.
c
Kruskal–Wallis test.