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. 2015 May;51(8):984–992. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.03.002

Table 2.

Type-I error rate of the end-points as measurement error varies.

End-point Type-I error rate
No measurement error Medium measurement error (measurement error standard deviation set to 0.1) High measurement error (measurement error standard deviation set to 0.25)
Single-arm trials
Disease control rate (DCR) fixed 0.039 0.038 0.043
Response rate (RR) fixed 0.043 0.076 0.295
DCR best observed 0.041 0.043 0.092
RR best observed 0.031 0.034 0.091



Two-arm trials
DCR fixed 0.047 0.047 0.050
RR fixed 0.034 0.035 0.042
RR best observed 0.036 0.035 0.038
PFS 0.048 0.048 0.045
Karrison 0.050 0.049 0.051