Figure 3. Dose–response effects of insulin on pAkt–tAkt response.
Average densitometric quantification of the dose-dependent responses of the pAkt–tAkt ratio to insulin stimulation under normal sleep and sleep restriction. Because of insufficient volume of biopsy sample, insulin concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 nM (under sleep restriction) and 0.50 nM (under normal sleep) in participant 6 and 10.00 nM (under normal sleep) in participant 3 were omitted. Note that pAkt and tAkt are measured using different antibodies; thus, the pAkt–tAkt ratio can vary outside of the range of 0% to 100%. Error bars are SEs of the mean. pAkt = phosphorylated Akt; tAkt = total Akt.