Table 1.
Correlation between lymphovascular invasion and clinicopathologic characteristics in gastric carcinoma
| Variables | Lymphovascular invasion | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All cases | Absence | Presence | P value* | |
| Sex | 0.955 | |||
| Female | 354 | 229 (64.7%) | 125 (35.3%) | |
| Male | 794 | 515 (64.9%) | 279 (35.1%) | |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 0.458 | |||
| <60 | 574 | 378 (65.9%) | 196 (34.1%) | |
| ≥60 | 574 | 366 (63.8%) | 208 (36.2%) | |
| CEA† | 0.665 | |||
| Normal | 791 | 525 (66.4%) | 266 (33.6%) | |
| Elevated | 157 | 107(68.2%) | 50 (31.8%) | |
| CA19-9‡ | 0.004 | |||
| Normal | 707 | 487 (68.9%) | 220 (31.1%) | |
| Elevated | 195 | 113 (57.9%) | 82 (42.1%) | |
| Size (diameter), cm | <0.0001 | |||
| ≤5 | 697 | 487 (69.9%) | 210 (30.1%) | |
| >5 | 451 | 257 (57.0%) | 194 (43.0%) | |
| Lauren classification | 0.004 | |||
| Diffuse | 585 | 356 (60.9%) | 229 (39.1%) | |
| Mixed/ Intestinal | 563 | 388 (68.9%) | 175 (31.1%) | |
| Differentiation | <0.0001 | |||
| Well/moderate | 435 | 331 (76.1%) | 104 (23.9%) | |
| Poor/undifferentiated | 713 | 413 (57.9%) | 300 (42.1%) | |
| Gastric wall invasion | <0. 0001 | |||
| T1/T2 | 150 | 140 (93.3%) | 10 (6.7%) | |
| T3/T4 | 998 | 604 (60.5%) | 394 (39.5%) | |
| Nodal metastasis | <0.0001 | |||
| N0 | 377 | 322 (85.4%) | 55 (14.6%) | |
| N1-N3 | 771 | 422 (54.7%) | 349 (45.3%) | |
| Distant metastasis | <0.0001 | |||
| M0 | 1003 | 679 (67.7%) | 324 (32.4%) | |
| M1 | 145 | 65 (44.8%) | 80 (55.2%) | |
| TNM stage | <0.0001 | |||
| I/II | 486 | 409 (84.2%) | 77 (15.8%) | |
| III/ IV | 662 | 335 (50.6%) | 327 (49.4%) | |
*Chi-square test; †Preoperative serum CEA was measured in 948 patients; ‡Preoperative serum CA19-9 was measured in 902 patients; CEA indicates carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9 indicates carbohydrate antigen 19-9.