HIV-1 infection-induced MHCI expression on immature thymocytes in the SCID-hu Thy/Liv mouse. A, Mock- or HIV-1 (JD)-infected Thy/Liv organs were harvested at 14 dpi and analyzed for surface MHCI expression (W6/32) on each thymocyte subpopulation. Total live cells were gated based on light scatter profiles. The percentage of each subpopulation is shown. MHCI expression of each subpopulation is shown as the mean channel fluorescence (MCF) in the histograms. B, As in A, NL4-3-infected Thy/Liv organs (14 dpi) showed similar induction of MHCI on immature thymocytes. The difference in basal MHCI levels was due to different flow cytometer settings in different experiments. At least five SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice mock infected or infected with each HIV-1 isolate were analyzed in more than three independent experiments, and similar results were observed. C, The kinetics of MHCI induction on DP thymocytes after infection with two HIV-1 isolates from multiple experiments are summarized. JD (diamond) and NL4-3 (square) are pathogenic viruses that replicate to peak levels at 2 wpi and deplete thymocytes after 3–4 wpi (24). Shown is the average fold induction of MHCI on DP thymocytes (MCF from HIV-1-infected/mock samples) derived from 5–10 SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice at each time point.