Table 1.
Comparison of treatment outcomes before and after MMT in heroin users with and without HIV infection
| Heroin users with | p | Heroin users without | p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV infection | HIV infection | |||||
| Mean (SD) or n (%) | Mean (SD) or n (%) | |||||
| Baseline | 3 months after receiving MMT | Baseline | 3 months after receiving MMT | |||
| Severity of heroin dependence on the SDS[Ch] | 9.10 (2.89) | 5.60 (2.57) | <0.0001a | 9.27 (2.91) | 6.30 (2.36) | <0.0001a |
| Severity of harm caused by heroin use | 14.77 (5.29) | 7.00 (6.31) | <0.0001a | 13.69 (4.98) | 8.34 (6.31) | <0.0001a |
| Current heroin use | 30 (100) | 24 (80) | <0.0001b | 212 (100) | 153 (72.17) | <0.0001b |
| Severity of depressive symptoms on the CES-D | 20.48 (9.11) | 19.60 (10.45) | .856a | 21.75 (10.48) | 15.73 (8.92) | <0.0001a |
| Level of QOL on the WHOQOL-BREF | ||||||
| Physical health | 22.93 (4.60) | 23.27 (4.87) | .602a | 21.47 (4.33) | 24.05 (4.45) | <0.0001a |
| Mental health | 16.11 (3.11) | 17.73 (4.10) | .284a | 16.89 (3.90) | 18.88 (4.13) | <0.0001a |
| Social | 12.86 (2.88) | 12.97 (2.63) | .823a | 12.03 (2.48) | 12.83 (2.75) | <0.0001a |
| Environmental | 27.43 (5.41) | 29.10 (5.45) | .063a | 27.15 (5.28) | 29.39 (6.8) | <0.0001a |
Abbreviations: CES-D Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, MMT methadone maintenance treatment, QOL quality of life, SDS [Ch] The Chinese version of the Severity of Dependence Scale, WHOQOL-BREF Taiwan brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument. a: paired t-test; b: McNemar test.