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. 2015 May 18;10(5):e0127278. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127278

Fig 1. Difference in inflammasome activation by Francisella between rapid and overnight models.

Fig 1

Overnight model; white bars. Primary human monocytes were left untreated (NT) or infected with 100 MOI of different strains of Francisella for 16 h and IL1B mRNA (A), mature IL-1β (B) and IL-18 (C) release in response to F. novicida (Fn), F. tularensis-LVS (LVS), SchuS4 (S4) and F. novicida FPI mutants mglA and iglC was measured. Priming model; black bars. When monocytes were infected with Francisella for only 30 min, a second signal (5 mM ATP for 30 min) was required to induce IL-18 processing and release. NT—not infected by Francisella (D, E). Monocytes stimulated with F. novicida in the priming model or overnight model were tested for IL-18 release by immunoblot and for ASC in cell lysates and oligomeric ASC in the insoluble cell pellet by ASC immunoblot (F). Data represent mean ± SEM, n ≥ 3 independent experiments. * p<0.05. ND—not statistically different. Blots are representative of repeated experiments.