Table 3.
Psycho-social scales
| Scale* | Number of items | example | Response set | Cronbach’s alpha
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wave 1 | Wave 2 | ||||
| Cultural identification (Phinney, 1992) | 5 | “Being a part of my tribe or cultural group is important to me.” | 4-pt response from strongly disagree to strongly agree | 0.73 | 0.79 |
| Self-esteem (not modified) (Rosenberg, 1965) | 6 | “I have a positive attitude.” | 4-pt response from strongly disagree to strongly agree | 0.66 | 0.71 |
| Self-efficacy: Sex avoidance (Cecil & Pinkerton, 2000) | 4 | “I stay away from people who are pressuring me to have sex.” | 4-pt scale, from not at all sure I would do this to completely sure I would do this | 0.81 | 0.83 |
| Self-efficacy: Resisting sex (Cecil & Pinkerton, 2000) | 4 | “What would you say to having any kind of sex with someone you wanted to go out with again?” | 4-pt scale, from “I’d definitely say ‘no’” to “I’d definitely say ‘yes’” | 0.70 | 0.75 |
| Outcome expectancy: Sex refusal (Rotheram-Borus et al., 1998) | 5 | “If I didn’t have sex, my friends would think there is something wrong with me.” | 4-pt scale, from strongly agree to strongly disagree. | 0.68 | 0.74 |
| Self-efficacy: Condom use (Dilorio et al., 1997) | 5 | “If neither of us had a condom, we would get one before we had sex.” | 4-pt scale, from “not at all sure I would do this” to “completely sure I would do this” | 0.81 | 0.80 |
| Self-efficacy: Obtaining condoms (Baele, et al., 2001) | 4 | “I know where to get condoms.” | 4-pt scale, from “not sure I would do this” to “completely sure I’d do this” | 0.76 | 0.76 |
| Outcome expectancies: Condom use (Albarracin et al., 2000) | 4 | “Using a condom would protect me and my partner from getting STDs (for example, herpes). | 4-pt scale, from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree” | 0.73 | 0.77 |
a
All scales reviewed by community and subsequently modified when necessary