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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 19.
Published in final edited form as: Cytokine. 2014 Nov 20;71(2):215–222. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.10.013

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Candida albicans β-glucan induces a strong IL-1Ra response. (A–C) Human PBMC were stimulated for 24 h with β-glucan from heat-killed Candida albicans yeast or hyphae (10 μg/mL), mannan (100 μg/mL, or chitin (20 μg/mL). The concentration of (A) IL-1β and (B) IL-1Ra was measured in cell culture supernatants using ELISA. (C) The IL-1Ra/IL-1β ration was calculated by dividing the amount of IL-1Ra by that of IL-1β. Bars represent mean + SEM of 6–15 healthy volunteers. (D) Human PBMC were stimulated for 24 h with Candida albicans β-glucan hyphae (10 μg/mL), in the absence or presence of anti-IL-1Ra (1 μg/mL). The concentrations of IL-1β and IL-6 were measured in cell culture supernatants using ELISA and are expressed as percentages. Bars represent mean + SEM of nine healthy volunteers.