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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Affect Disord. 2015 Mar 31;179:23–30. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.026

Figure 2. Prevalence rates of odor-elicited distress for “human body fluids/excretions” odors.

Figure 2

depicts reduced sensitivity to odors in the human body fluids/excretions category for combat veterans with and without PTSD (CV+PTSD and CV-PTSD, respectively) compared to healthy controls (HC). Specifically, a lower prevalence of distress to “urine” [χ2 (1, N=51) = 4.81, p=.028] and “vomit” [χ2 (1, N=51) = 7.22, p=.007] was reported in CV+PTSD compared to HC. Similarly, CV-PTSD, compared to HC, reported a significantly lower prevalence of distress to “urine” [χ2 (1, N=43) = 6.98, p=.008] and “body odor/sweat” [χ2 (1, N=43) = 10.24, p=.001]. The only odor that did not fit this profile was blood, an odor likely to be present during traumatic combat experiences. Significantly more CV+PTSD, than CV-PTSD or HC reported the smell of blood to be distressing [χ2 (1, N=52) = 4.55, p=.033; χ2 (1, N=51) = 5.83, p=.016, respectively).